Comparative Study on the Structure and Change of the Grass-roots in Asian Societies: Cases of Japan and Indonesia

我们通过对日本的全aikai和印度尼西亚的RT/RW进行一系列实地调查，得出以下结论：(1)以社区为基础的组织和团体构成了一个多层面的社会，并使居民的生活世界充满活力。(2)对于“宅会”和“RT/RW”而言，它们处于制度“自上而下”的语境中。(3)虽然雅加达DKI的许多RT/ rw基本上是由行政部门动员的组织，但它们在某种程度上起着安全网的作用。(4)日本的“世会”正在衰落，成为最底层的行政组织或“友谊团体”。(5)在日本，社区整体趋向分化，而在印度尼西亚，尤其是DKI雅加达，社区更具凝聚力。

Our findings which were acquired by a series of.field surveys on Japan's chonaikai and Indonesia's RT/RW, are as follows;(1)Community based organizations and groups constitute a multistoried society and revitalize the inhabitant's life world.(2)As for chonaikai and RT/RW, they are in the context of institution 'from above'.(3)Though many RT/RWs in DKI Jakarta are organizations mobilized by the administrations basically, they function: as a sort of safety net in part.(4)Japan's chonaikai are on the decline and survive as a lowest administrative organization or 'najimi shudan' (friendship group).(5)Community as a whole tends to differentiate in Japan, while it become more cohesive in Indonesia, especially DKI Jakarta.