Physical and/or Chemical Methods for the Removal of Virus from Transfusion Blood

用于输血的血液必须经过严格的检查，以确保不污染病毒。然而，由于1）产生针对感染病毒的抗体的时间的必要性（窗口期）和2）未知病毒的存在，存在一些不可避免的污染可能性。因此，本研究的目的是开发出一种有效的去除或灭活输血中病毒的方法。1）我们主要研究细小病毒B19，它是一种无包膜病毒，对溶剂/去污剂和热处理都有抵抗力。此外，这种病毒的感染有时会导致严重的疾病。首先，我们开发了使用CFU-E形成测试感染性的方法。UV-C（750 Jm^）照射<-2>使感染性降低3倍。芦丁或儿茶素的共同存在防止了因子VIII的变性，而不会降低对病毒的作用。2）发现UV-C处理对于将应用于需要大量血液的急诊患者的含有血红蛋白溶液的病毒的灭活非常有用。3）我们观察到病毒灭活与DNA损伤量之间的良好相关性。

Blood for transfusion is subject to rigorous inspections for not contaminating virus. However, there are some inevitable possibilities for the contamination because of 1) the necessity of time to produce antibodies against the infected virus (window period) and 2) the existence of unknown virus. Therefore the aim of this research is to develop method of the removal or inactivation of virus in the transfusion blood.1) We concentrated on parvovirus B19, one of non-enveloped virus which is resistant to the solvent/detergent or heat treatment. In addition, infection of this virus sometimes gives sever illness. First of all, we developed the method testing the infectivity using CFU-E formation. Irradiation of UV-C (750 Jm^<-2>) deceased the infectivity by a factor of 3. The co-presence of rutin or catechins prevents the denaturation of factor VIII without any decrease in the effect against the virus.2) The UV-C treatment was found to be very useful for the inactivation of virus containing hemoglobin solutions that will be applied to emergency patients who need a lot of blood.3) We observed a good correlation between the inactivation of virus and the amounts of DNA damage.