Studies on Local Cultures During the Period of Encounters between Central and Peripheral Cultures : A new Area Studies in a Globalizing World ;

这个项目考察了全球化世界中地方文化的功能及其变化的关系，在全球化世界中，遇到了两个文化社会，即第三世界的“全球中心”和“局部边缘”。新地域性研究应着重探讨有关地方文化的价值体系、文化中心与政治中心相互支持的“不完整与不稳定”以及以文化为导向的民族运动。本项目选取纺织品、玻璃珠和皮影戏三种跨国文物作为呈现文化遭遇过程中的文化关系和变化的“载体”。根据这一框架，16世纪开始渗透到西非地区的欧洲玻璃珠子表明了该中心如何利用当地人民永恒的愿望。第三章-第四章集中讨论纺织品图案，并确定传统图案的含义。在中亚，他们的民族服饰“Ikat”暗示着他们抵制苏联文化的渗透。乌兹别克斯坦苏萨尼纺织品的“中心圆盘”图案表明了他们古老的太阳崇拜价值观，尽管有伊斯兰文化。第五章-第六章表明，世界各国人民倾向于通过非政府组织和志愿协会坚持自己的文化和流行文化。这种倾向可以从摩洛哥的柏柏尔人运动、玛雅人和恰帕斯人的少数民族纺织活动、最近印加人自20世纪40年代以来的因蒂莱米冬至节日的复兴中得到证实。总而言之，新的地区研究表明，全球-地方-区域方法和比较方法是审查全球化世界中文化相遇过程中的文化关系和影响的工具。

This project examines functions of local cultures and their changing relations in a globalizing world, where encounter two culture-societies, namely "global center" and "local periphery" of the third world. A new area studies should emphasize on inquiry into value systems of local cultures concerned, "incompleteness and unstable" of mutual support of culture center and political center, and culture-oriented ethnic movements.This project selects three transnational cultural objects, textiles, glass beads and shadow puppet theaters as "vehicles" for representing culture relations and changes in a process of cultural encounters.Chapter I-II serves as searching for a framework of new area studies. According to the framework, European glass beads which began to infiltrate into areas of West Africa during sixteenth century, indicated how the center had exploited local people's wishes for eternity.Chapter III-IV concentrates on textiles motifs, and ascertains meanings of traditional motifs. In central Asia, their ethnic dresses of "Ikat" had implications that they resisted against Soviet cultural penetration. And a "central disk" motif of Suzani textile in Uzbekistan indicates their ancient values for sun worship despite of Islamic culture.Chapter V-VI shows that peoples of the world incline to insist their own culture and their popular culture via NGOs and voluntary associations. This inclination can be ascertained in Berber movements of Morocco, minority activities of Maya and Chiapas for ethnic textile weaving, recent resurgence of Inca solsticial festival of Inti Raimi since the 1940s. In conclusion, new area studies suggest global-local-regional approaches and comparative approaches as a tool for examine cultural relations and implications in the process of culture encounters in a globalizing world.