GENDER BIAS IN THE JAPANESE RENDERINGS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE

本研究旨在揭示明治时期引进的一些西方名著，如《弗兰德斯的狗》和《小爵爷方特勒罗伊》的日本译作中存在的性别偏见。研究发现，在互文复述的过程中，神圣性被引入到阿洛伊斯的少女气质中。对于加藤武夫的《小爵爷方特勒罗伊》的改编，目标受众，即儿童或妇女，决定了每次改编的框架和描写手法。很明显，男性适应者把女人和孩子等同起来，认为她们是需要培养的人Kenage是日本近代史上分析儿童观的一个关键概念。一些著名的复述故事中的人物，如马可、雷米和尼洛，往往表现出两重性；一个是“可怜而感人”，另一个是“勇敢而勇敢”。然而，在一些只为女孩读者复述的作品中，重写者倾向于强调kenage的前一个方面：“Little Nell”的各种翻译都是解释这种情况的好例子两个性别偏见的问题，普遍的和典型的日本，是我的日语翻译为儿童。为了考虑到日本现代文化的多样性，应该对这些偏见的各个方面进行进一步的调查。

1 The research was conducted to reveal the gender bias as in the Japanese renderings of some western masterpieces introduced during Meiji era, such as A Dog of Flanders and Little Lord Fauntleroy. It was found that holiness was introduced to the girlishness of Alois in the process of intertextual retellings. As for Kato Takeo's renderings of Little Lord Fauntleroy, the target audience, that is to say, children or women, determines the frame and the technique of description in each adaptation. It is obvious that the male adapter equates women with children, regarding them as people who need to be cultivated.2 Kenage emerged as a key concept to analyze the views on children in the modern history of Japan. Some characters in the famous retold stories, for example, Marco, Remi and Nello, often show dual aspects of kenage ; one is 'pitiful and moving', while the other is 'brave and courageous.' However, in some pieces which are retold only for girl readers, the rewriters tend to emphasize the former aspect of kenage : the various renderings of "Little Nell" are good examples to explain the case.3 Two issues of gender bias, universal and typically Japanese, are to be m Japanese renderings for children. Further investigations should be made on each aspect of the biases in order to consider the wide varieties of Japanese modern culture.