Research on evolution of larval skeleton in sea urchin: Echinometridae

海胆：棘螈科幼虫骨骼进化研究

• 批准号: 13839008
• 负责人: WADA Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13839008/
• 关键词: Sea urchin; Echinometridae; larval skeleton; evolution; molecular phylogeny; 第一次間充織細胞; 幼生骨片; 小割球; 比重; 分布深度; 幼生; プランクトン; 骨格形態; ミトコンドリアDNA; ND1; ND2

To understand the morphological variety of larval skeletons within the Echinometridae, a detailed comparative study was performed, which included quantitative morphometry. In order to extract skeletal characters which are stable in four-armed pluteus stage, we compare skeletal characters of two-day-old larvae (prior to feeding) with those of larvae fed for a few days. By this way, we found five skeletal characters of body-skeleton are stable four-armed pluteus. Morphological variations among the Echinometridae species were summarized as the difference in the number of spine and posteroventral transverse rod, and those in the shape of body-skeleton, and we found that based on these characters species can be identified from larval skeleton. Significant correlation can be detected between skeletal characters, such as between lower body length and number of spines, and between upper body length and posteroventral transverse rod length. We have also performed molecular phylogenetic analyses for 15 species of Echinometridae, together with some experiments on functional aspects of larval morphology.

为了理解棘半超甲基甲甲中幼虫骨骼的形态学变化，进行了详细的比较研究，其中包括定量形态计量学。为了提取在四臂普鲁士阶段稳定的骨骼特征，我们将两天大的幼虫（进食之前）的骨骼特征与几天的幼虫的骨骼特征进行比较。通过这种方式，我们发现身体骨骼的五个骨骼特征是稳定的四臂pluteus。棘甲甲甲基二甲基二甲基甲基甲基甲基甲基甲基的形态变化总结为脊柱和后腹横杆的数量差异，以及具有人体骨骼形状的差异，我们发现基于这些特征的物种可以从幼虫骨架中鉴定出来。可以在骨骼特征（例如刺之间的长度和棘突数之间以及上身长度和后腹侧横杆长度之间）检测到显着的相关性。我们还为15种棘甲甲酰胺科进行了分子系统发育分析，以及有关幼虫形态功能方面的一些实验。

项目成果

S.Kinjo, Y.SHirayama, H.Wada: "Phylogenetic relationships and morphological diversity in the family Echinometridae (Echinoida, Echinodermata) in "Echinoderms 2003" H.Thomas and N.H.James Eds. Balkema"Echinoderms 2003. (in press). (2004)

S.Kinjo、Y.SHIrayama、H.Wada：“Echinometridae 科（Echinoida、Echinodermata）的系统发育关系和形态多样性，见“Echinoderms 2003”H.Thomas 和 N.H.James Eds. Balkema“Echinoderms 2003。（出版中）。

S.Kinjo, Y.Shirayama, H.Wada: "Phylogenetic relationships and morphological diversity in the family Echinometridae (Echinoida, Echinodermata). in "Echinoderms 2003" H.Thomas and N.H.James Eds.Balkema"Echinoderms 2003. (in press). (2004)

S.Kinjo、Y.Shirayama、H.Wada：“Echinometridae 科（Echinoida、Echinodermata）的系统发育关系和形态多样性。见“Echinoderms 2003”H.Thomas 和 N.H.James Eds.Balkema”Echinoderms 2003。（出版中）