Ring-shaped chalkiness increased by dry wind in rice : Direct measurement of turgor in endosperm cells and the role of osmotic adjustment at low water potential

水稻因干燥风而增加的环状垩白度：直接测量胚乳细胞的膨压和低水势下渗透调节的作用

• 批准号: 21380017
• 负责人: WADA Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 12.73万
• 依托单位: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2009 至 2011
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21380017/
• 关键词: 食用作物; 作物学; 環境ストレス; 細胞生理; 糖代謝

Foehn-induced dry wind during grain filling typically increased ring-shaped chalky kernels in rice(Oryza sativa L.) plants. The objective of this study was to physiologically investigate mechanisms of the occurrence of ring-shaped chalkiness in the growing endosperm cells by utilizing the improved cell pressure probe. The inner endosperm cells, where the highest frequency of ring-shaped chalkiness was observed, maintained turgor by osmotic adjustment spatially even at low water potentials prior to the chalky formation. The results also indicated that neither the final grain weight nor^<13> C distribution in both panicles and the kernels was declined. Therefore, it was concluded that turgor maintenance by osmotic adjustment contributes to grain development under water deficit by foehn, and osmotic adjustment has a role in temporally inhibiting starch accumulation in endosperms, resulting in ring-shaped chalky kernels under foehn-induced water deficit conditions.

灌浆期间焚风引起的干风通常会增加水稻 (Oryza sativa L.) 植物中的环形白垩粒。本研究的目的是利用改进的细胞压力探针，从生理学角度研究生长中的胚乳细胞中出现环状白垩质的机制。观察到环形白垩质出现频率最高的内部胚乳细胞，即使在白垩质形成之前的低水势下，也能通过空间渗透压调节来保持膨压。结果还表明，穗和粒中的最终粒重和^ 13 C分布均未下降。因此，得出的结论是，渗透调节维持膨压有助于焚风缺水条件下籽粒的发育，渗透调节具有暂时抑制胚乳中淀粉积累的作用，从而在焚风诱导缺水条件下形成环形白垩籽粒。

项目成果

Increased ring-shaped chalkiness and osmotic adjustment when growing rice grains under typhoon/foehn-induced dry wind condition

在台风/焚风引起的干风条件下种植稻谷时，环形垩白度增加和渗透调节

• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Crop Science
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Wada H;Nonami H;Yabuoshi Y;Maruyama A;Tanaka A;Wakamatsu K;Sumi T;Wakiyama Y;Ohuchida M;Morita S
• 通讯作者: Morita S

Computer vision system for automated cell pressure probe operation.

用于自动细胞压力探头操作的计算机视觉系统。

• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Biosystems Engineering 103
• 作者: Wong E.;Slaughter D.C.;Wada H.;Matthews M.A.;Shackel K.A.
• 通讯作者: Shackel K.A.

Increased ring-shaped chalkiness and turgor maintenance in rice grains grown under Typhoon/ Foehn-induced dry wind condition.

在台风/焚风引起的干风条件下生长的稻粒的环状垩白度和膨压维持增加。

• 发表时间: 2010
• 作者: Wada H;Nonami H;Yabuoshi Y;Maruyama A;Tanaka A;Wakiyama A;Sumi T;Morita S.
• 通讯作者: Morita S.

台風・高温乾燥風による乳白粒発生の機構解明とその対策技術の考察

台风和高温干风造成乳白粒产生机理的阐明及对策技术的思考

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: Mori;H.;西山学・金浜耕基;和田博史・野並浩・薮押睦幸・脇山恭行・森田敏
• 通讯作者: 和田博史・野並浩・薮押睦幸・脇山恭行・森田敏

Osmotic Adjustment in Growing Rice Grains under Dry Wind Condition

干风条件下水稻生长的渗透压调节

• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: Wada H;Morita S.;Gholipour Y.;Erra-Balsells R.;Nonami H
• 通讯作者: Nonami H