Compound Hazard Map of Tsunami, Storm Surges and River Flood

海啸、风暴潮和河流洪水复合灾害图

基本信息

批准号：
15310130
负责人：
KAWATA Yoshiaki
金额：
$ 7.3万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15310130/
关键词：
Hazard Map Tsunami Storm Surge River Flood GIS Evacuation Simultaneous Occurrence Internet 避難訓練住民参加 GIS インド洋大津波自主避難ワークショップ

项目摘要

In Japan, tsunami, storm surges and river flood prone areas overlap each other in some alluvial planes facing the ocean. In Osaka, three kinds of flooding are very popular, and In Tokyo and in Nagoya, storm surges and river flood may simultaneously occur. Especially, in 2005 we had hurricane Katrina disasters. In New Orleans, the most disastrous storm surge flood on record was observed. Even though in developed country such as USA and Japan, we have to remember storm surge disasters. Paper type hazard map has some restrictions of information for residents. As an alternative trial, we developed a passive type hazard map with CG on the basis of numerical simulation. For example, the tsunami hazard map at Owase, Mie is very effective on the evacuation training as well as disaster education. We developed the making procedure of hazard map in which GIS is a fundamental map for some information through the Internet. Moreover, if we can use the simulation technique of evacuation, it will be made clear quantitatively about the enlightening effectiveness of decision making about beginning of evacuation and evacuation route on survival rate. Furthermore, we can not neglect the simultaneous occurrence probability of following two phenomenon combination with storm surge, tsunami and river flood from the vie point of disaster reduction. It was found to be very rational that a base map of inundation in residential area is firstly given by long period flooding and after that additional inundation depth due to short period flooding is required. The former is tsunami and the latter is storm surges. We succeeded to make a hazard map of inundation due to tsunami and storm surge under simultaneous occurrence.

在日本，海啸，暴风雨和洪水泛滥的地区在面对海洋的某些冲积飞机上相互重叠。在大阪，三种洪水非常受欢迎，在东京和名古屋，可能同时发生风暴潮和河流洪水。特别是在2005年，我们遇到了卡特里娜飓风灾难。在新奥尔良，记录了记录的最灾难性的风暴潮。即使在美国和日本等发达国家中，我们也必须记住风暴潮灾难。纸质危险图对居民有一些信息限制。作为替代试验，我们根据数值模拟开发了带有CG的被动型危害图。例如，在OWASE的海啸危害地图，MIE在疏散培训和灾难教育方面非常有效。我们开发了危险图的制作程序，其中GIS是通过Internet提供一些信息的基本地图。此外，如果我们可以使用撤离的模拟技术，则将清楚地清楚地了解决策的启发性有效性，这是关于撤离和疏散途径的生存率的启发性。此外，我们不能忽略同时发生的概率，即从减少灾难的争夺点开始两种现象与风暴潮，海啸和河流洪水结合在一起。人们发现，首先是长时间洪水给出了居民区淹没的基本图非常合理，之后需要由于短期洪水而引起的额外的淹没深度。前者是海啸，后者是暴风雨。由于海啸和同时发生的风暴潮，我们成功地制作了淹没的危险图。