Research on School and Teacher culture's changes caused by the "Period for Integrated Study"

本研究的目的是澄清“综合研究时期”的现实及其对学校和教师从教育社会学角度的影响。对公立学校的管理人员和教师（小学和初中高中）进行的四项调查是在这个项目中进行的。interview survey with managers on the practice of 'the Period of Integrated Study'·questionnaire survey with managers on the practice of 'the Period of Integrated Study'·questionnaire survey with teachers who took in charge of 'the Period of Integrated Study'·interview survey with teachers on the practice of 'the Period of Integrated Study'The findings are as follows。（1）“综合研究的时期”已经删除了许多现有的结构和框架，继续进行学校教育，并已推广其变化。这是不可能跨越教育结构的边界，如主题、平等主义和教师和木偶之间关系的框架。（2）教师认为“综合研究的时期”在课堂管理方面有积极的影响，在教师和木偶之间建立良好的关系，教师的专业性和科目的教学方法。（3）初级学校的影响比初级高中的影响要大。（4）在“综合研究时期”和当前学校的系统和文化结构之间存在差距，并讨论这一新实验的做法。最后，对于“综合研究时期”的有效做法，这是改革学校结构本身和教师意识的必要条件。改革，无论如何都不应该保留在现有教育系统的改进中，但它应该更像是一个组织性和系统性的，包括教师的机构地位。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the reality of 'the Period of Integrated Study' and its impact on schools and teachers from the perspective of educational sociology. The following four surveys with managers and teachers of public schools (primary schools and junior high schools) were conducted in this project.・interview survey with managers on the practice of 'the Period of Integrated Study'・questionnaire survey with managers on the practice of 'the Period of Integrated Study'・questionnaire survey with teachers who took in charge of 'the Period of Integrated Study'・interview survey with teachers on the practice of 'the Period of Integrated Study'The findings are as follows.(1)'The Period of Integrated Study' has removed many existed structures and frameworks, which continued to regulate the school education, and has promoted their changes. However it was not able to cross the border of educational structure such as subjects, egalitarianism, and the frameworks of the relationship between teachers and pupils.(2)Teachers consider the introduction of 'the Period of Integrated Study' has positive effects on class management, establishing good relationships between a teacher and pupils, teachers' professionalism, and teaching methods of subjects.(3)There are more effects in primary schools than in junior high schools.(4)There is a gap between 'the Period of Integrated Study' and the systematic and cultural structure of present-day schools and that discourages the practice of this new experiment.Finally, for the effective practice of 'the Period of Integrated Study', it is essential to reform the structure of schools itself and the teachers' consciousness. The reform, however should not remain in the improvement of the existed educational system, but it should be more like organizational and systematic one including the institutional positioning of teachers.