Study on early environment-induced neuronal network which is involved in vulnerability to psychiatric disorders

本研究旨在阐明其损伤导致的应激脆弱性背后的机制，从而有助于预防方法的发展。因此，行为和神经化学技术被用来确定与参与情绪控制的神经元网络的结构和功能相关的机制。更好的早期环境诱导对压力的反应增加神经发生(Kanba等人，2005)。人参皂苷被发现可以增加神经发生，因此被认为具有抗应激作用(Quia等人，2005年)。有研究表明，抗抑郁药的作用可能与促进海马神经发生有关。在这里，作为一个易患抑郁症的模型，我们研究了给予细胞因子hIFN-α对海马神经发生的影响，这种细胞因子被认为是诱发抑郁症的。结果表明，干扰素-医院给药诱导星形胶质细胞介导的IL-1β在HI…中产生更多的校园和更少的神经发生(Kaneko等人，2006年)。基于这些发现，部分阐明了h干扰素-医院的中枢作用机制。这些结果也支持了前述的可能性，即抑制海马神经发生可能涉及对抑郁的认知易感性，这一观点以前只从抗抑郁药物的机制角度假设。在海马区功能下降的老年大鼠中，研究了情绪记忆与神经化学功能的关系。结果表明，信号分子CREB磷酸化后，老年大鼠的应激反应减弱。此外，尽管神经发生在海马齿状回，但这种神经发生的应激反应在老年大鼠中也减少了(Kudo等人，2005年；Wati等人，2006年)。这些变化可能解释了精神疾病的易感性。前额叶皮质中的儿茶酚胺活动是通过AMPA/Kainite受体调节的。抗精神病药物被发现可以抑制受体的脱敏。我们的研究显示了一种作用于AMPA受体的抗应激药物的新可能性(黑木等人，2007年)。较少

The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism behind the stress vulnerability that results from its impairment, and to thereby contribute to the development of prevention methods. Therefore, both behavioral and neurochemical techniques were used to determine the mechanisms relating to the structure and function of neuron networks involved in the control of emotion.Better early environment induced increase in neurogenesis in response to stress (Kanba et al.,2005). Ginseng saponin was found to increase neurogenesis and thus was supposed to have antistress effects (Quia et al.,2005). It has been suggested that the action of antidepressants may be related to the promotion of hippocampal neurogenesis. Herein, as a model of vulnerability to depression, we investigated the effects of administration of cytokine hIFN-α, which is known to induce depression, on hippocampal neurogenesis. The results showed that hIFN-Hospital administration induced astroglia-mediated IL-1β production in the hi … More ppocampus and reduced neurogenesis (Kaneko et al.,2006). Based on these findings, the mechanism of the central action of hIFN-Hospital was partially elucidated. These results also supported the aforementioned possibility that inhibition of hippocampal neurogenesis may be involved in cognitive vulnerability to depression, an idea that had previously been assumed only from the perspective of the mechanism of antidepressants.The relationship between emotional memory and neurochemical function was investigated in elderly rats, which have reduced hippocampal function. The results showed that the stress response of phosphorylated CREB, a signaling molecule, was attenuated in elderly rats. In addition, although neurogenesis occurs in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the stress response of this neurogenesis was also reduced in elderly rats (Kudo et al.,2005;Wati et al.,2006). These changes may possibly explain vulnerability to psychiatric disease.Catecholamine activity in prefrontal cortex is regulated through AMPA/kainite receptors. Antipsychotics are found to inhibit desensitization of the receptors. Our study showed a new possibility of antistress drugs which act on AMPA receptors (Kuroki et al.,2007). Less