The roles of chemical mediators in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris and their therapeutical application

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Psoriasis vulgaris is an autoimmune inflammatory dermatosis. Chemical mediators may be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. Prolactin acts on keratinocytes and induces their production of CXCL9/10/11 or CCL20 chemoattracting Th1/Tc1 cells or Th17 cells, respectively. Leukotriene B_4 acts on keratinocytes and induces their production of CCL27 chemoattracting skin-homing memory T cells. These mediators may induce the infiltration of T cells into psoriatic skin lesions via these chemokines. Leptin induces the production of antimicrobial peptide human β-defensin-2, and histamine induces human β-defensin-2 and human β-defensin-3 production in keratinocytes. These mediators may enhance the proliferation of keratinocytes, angiogenesis, and infiltration of Th17 cells in psoriatic skin lesions in addition to the enhancement of cutaneous antimicrobial activities.