Development of Technology for 2m Infrared Telescope in Antarctica

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In Antarctica the cold and dry air is expected to provide the best observing conditions on the Earth for astronomical observations from infra-red to sub-millimeter. To enjoy the advantages in Antarctica, we have a plan to make astronomical observations at Dome Fuji, which is located at inland Antarctica. However, the harsh environment is very problematic. For example, the temperature comes down to as low as-80 degree Celsius in winter, where instruments designed for temperate environment would not work. In this context, we have developed a 40cm infra-red telescope, which is dedicated for the use even in winter at Dome Fuji. In designing the telescope, we took account of the difference of the thermal expansion rate among materials, which were used for the telescope. Movable parts like motors were lubricated with grease which would be effective at-80degrees. Most parts of the telescope are made of aluminum to make the telescope as light as possible, so that it makes the transportation from seacoast to inland and assembling at Dome Fuji easier. We also report the experiment that we have done at Rikubetsu (the coldest city in Japan) in February 2008. Details the design process for AIR-C, the Antarctic Infra-Red Camera, for use with Tohoku University's 40cm Antarctic telescope were designed. The camera will also be compatible with the planned 2 meter class Japanese telescope at Dome F. First, we reviewed of the design requirements which shaped the development process. The effect of cryogenic temperatures on the lenses was taken into account during the design process. AIR-C's performance is predicted. Finally, we discussed the scientific potential for a small Antarctic telescope.