Analysis of mechanisms fix human embryo implantation by crosstalk between mother and embryo through endocrine and immune system network

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After invading endometrium, human embryo is surrounded by maternal blood stream. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) that is secreted from trophoblast of the embryo is transmitted to the ovary through blood circulation, stimulating corpus luteum function to produce progesterone which in turn maintains embryo implantation in the uterus (Crosstalk between embryo and mother by endocrine system). In these processes, maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) directly contact with trophectoderm of the embryo. Therefore, we proposed that these PBMC can transmit information about the presence of the embryo to the ovary and endometrium and contribute to inducing and maintaining embryo implantation (Crosstalk between embryo and mother by immune system). Based on the above novel concept, this project successfully developed a new clinical therapy to treat infertile patients with repeated implantation failure using autologous PBMC. In this project, maternal platelets were also shown to play an important role in angiogenetic reconstruction during corpus luteum formation and placentation. We hope that these novel findings will lead to further development of treatment for infertile patients.