Behavioral changes clarified from transcriptional and translational mechanisms in a single neuron of a snail

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The aims of the present study were (1) to clarify a series of mechanisms from gene expression to behavioral changes in a snail as well as (2) to develop the experimental methods to achieve the first purpose. We here noticed the conditioned taste aversion in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. We have first developed the determination method for mRNA and protein of CREB in a single neuron and demonstrated the quantitative changes in these molecules during the long-term memory. Then we have also attempted to establish the bottom-up studies from a single neron to behavioral changes. Our present findings have paved the new way for studies of neurobiology.