Development of aesthetic light-activated restorative resin using a new photoinitiation system

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Visible light-activated composite resins has been widely used in dentistry as direct filling restorative materials because of their easy handling, aesthetics, and improved physical and mechanical properties. Considering the adverse biological effects of UV light, the use of camphorquinone (CQ) as a photoinitiator for the visible light-activated resin has been accepted in dentistry, because it absorbs wavelengths in the harmless visible blue-light region. However, CQ has some drawbacks such as low polymerization efficiency and its solid yellow, which would result in low mechanical properties of the resin, and lead to undesirable yellowing of the final polymerized resin. This places practical limits on the acceptable concentration of CQ in the resin. To overcome the drawbacks of CQ, some alternative visible light photoinitiators have been introduced for dental light-activated resins as the photoinitiators, which have desirable benefits such as a lower yellowing effect and higher polymerization efficiency compared with CQ. This study investigated the efficacy of alternative various new photoinitiators, such as phenylpropadione, monoacylphosphine oxide, and bisacylphosphine oxide, which would replace CQ without diminishing the properties of resin. In addition, the color effects of the alternative photoinitiators on the light-activated resin were compared to that of CQ. Our results indicate that the monoacylphosphine oxide photoinitiator provided a useful and improved photopolymerization system for dental light-activated resins, and also showed less of a color change during and after polymerization in comparison with CQ and other photoinitiators.