The effects of long-term training of musical instruments on independent movement of individual fingers

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Using trained pianists (N=12) and, trained violinists (N=12), and non-musician controls (N=12), the effect of long-term training on independent movement of individual fingers was studied. Dynamic (movement) and static (force) tests of finger individuation was tested using specifically built equipments. Individuation and stationary indices were computed from the data. The results indicated that long-term musical instrument training induced higher level of individuation. This effect was greater for the dynamic function than static function. Pianist-violinist difference was small even for the right finger function, which may be due to the fact that the half of the violinists had some (not extensive) piano training.