Analysis of neural mechanism within brainstem related to the pathogenesis of bruxism and oral dyskinesia.

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In this study, we examined the membrane properties in trigeminal neurons related to the pathogenesis of sleep bruxism and oral dyskinesia. Application of Glutamate, 5-HT or Orexin, one of neurotransmitters, suppressed membrane properties of rat trigeminal mesencephalic neurons, while those transmitters increased the membrane excitability in trigeminal motoneurons. Morphological study using immunostaining also revealed the developmental increase of receptor expressions of neurotransmitters examined in this study. These results show the differential modulatory effects on motor and sensory system in trigeminal network independently. It is interesting to speculate that some abnormalities such as denatured receptor sensitivity to neurotransmitters might disrupt regulation in a coordinate manner between motor and sensory inputs and exert oral motor dysfunction.