The functions of negative feedback in workplace : Comprehensive examinations on determinants of the effects

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To examine the functions of negative feedback, pointing out things wrong with recipients, this study conducted interviews and an internet survey on full-time employees, and a questionnaire survey at several workplaces. Results show that the more negative feedback the supervisors provided, the more the recipients felt growth. However, this function depended on the recipients' job level, type of a job, and job characteristics. This study also identified the conditions at various levels, such as the way to deliver messages, the characteristics of supervisors and workplaces, that enhanced the function of a specific NF message.