Basic research for preventing pulmonary aspiration during intravenous sedation

静脉镇静在口腔外科的一般管理中被广泛使用。该技术最常见的并发症之一是肺误吸。咳嗽反射是一种防止肺部误吸的气道保护反射。静脉麻醉药影响反射通路的哪一部分还不清楚。在本研究中，我们评估了gaba能对口面区副交感反射血管扩张的调节作用，该反射通路与咳嗽反射相似。微量注射GABA、GABA_A受体激动剂或GABA_B受体激动剂均可显著抑制下唇副交感神经反射血管舒张，而这些血管舒张被每种受体拮抗剂阻断。

Intravenous sedation is widely used during the general management of oral surgery. One of the most common complications of this technique is the pulmonary aspiration. Cough reflex is an airway protective reflex that prevents the pulmonary aspiration. It has been unclear which part of the reflex pathway is affected by the intravenous anesthetics. In the present study, we evaluated the GABAergic modulation on the parasympathetic reflex vasodilatation in orofacial area, which has the similar reflex pathway to cough reflex. Microinjection of either GABA, GABA_A receptor agonist, or GABA_B receptor agonist significantly inhibited the parasympathetic reflex vasodilatation in the lower lip, which were blocked by each receptor antagonists.