Beheaded and displayed signs on skeletal remains recovered in Japan

日本发现的被斩首并在骨骼遗骸上留下痕迹的人

• 批准号: 21700852
• 负责人: HASHIMOTO Hiroko
• 金额: $ 2.83万
• 依托单位: National Research Institute Cultural Properties, Nara
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2009 至 2010
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21700852/
• 关键词: 動植物遺体; 人骨; 骨考古学; 打ち首; さらし首; 刑罰; 古病理

This paper introduces a skull with several square shaped fractures. The skull was recovered from Nagoe-Kiritoshi site, Japan (Zushi, Kanagawa Prefecture, about 50 kilometres southwest from Tokyo). The site is a road side area with poor archaeological remains but many periods. The skull was recovered from a layer of early to mid 14 century. The skull was eroded by acid soil and almost only brain case remained with atlas, and several teeth found in anatomical position in matrix. There was no other part recovered. The skull was middle to old age female, according to size of mastoid process and frontal tuberosity, condition of sutures, and degree of dental wear. The skull had four square shaped fractures of about five by five millimetres. One was on the frontal bone, two were on the parietal bones, and one was on the occipital bone. These fractures occurred shortly after her death. The shape, size and position of fractures looked almost exactly like a picture about public display of severed head on late 13 century scrolls. Although there was no clear evidence of her beheaded, circumstantial evidences (i.e. there was no body recovered, the site was a road side area, four square shaped fractures was on typical parts of the skull, her skull nailed shortly after her death) showed that the person was beheaded and displayed in public. This is the first record of beheaded and displayed head in Japan.

本文介绍了一个有几处方形骨折的颅骨。该头骨出土于日本名古屋- kiritoshi遗址（神奈川县足市，距东京西南约50公里）。该遗址是一个路边地区，考古遗迹很少，但有许多时期。这个头骨是从14世纪早期到中期的一层化石中发现的。颅骨被酸性土壤侵蚀，几乎只剩下颅脑，有骨图谱，在基质中发现了几颗解剖位置的牙齿。没有找到其他部分。根据乳突和额突的大小、缝合情况和牙齿磨损程度，颅骨为中老年女性。头骨上有四个大约5毫米乘5毫米的方形骨折。一枚在额骨上，两枚在顶骨上，一枚在枕骨上。这些骨折发生在她死后不久。骨折的形状、大小和位置看起来几乎与13世纪晚期卷轴上公开展示的人头一模一样。虽然没有明确的证据表明她被斩首，但间接证据（即没有找到尸体，地点在路边，头骨的典型部位有四个方形骨折，她的头骨在她死后不久被钉上）表明，她被斩首并公开展示。这是日本第一次有斩首和展示的记录。

项目成果

歯の観察から縄文時代の通婚圏を考える

通过牙齿观察考虑绳文时代的婚姻地区

• 发表时间: 2010
• 作者: Yasushi Sato;橋本裕子
• 通讯作者: 橋本裕子

名越切通遺跡出土人骨の打ち首・さらし首人骨

名越切通遗址出土的断头暴露的人骨

• 发表时间: 2010
• 作者: Yasushi Sato;Yasuhiro Kumahara;橋本裕子
• 通讯作者: 橋本裕子

Beheaded and Displayed head from Nagoe-Kiridoshi Site in Kanagawa, Japan

日本神奈川县名越切通遗址的斩首和展示头颅

• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Anthropological Science 118-3
• 作者: HASHIMOTO HIROKO

古代からのメッセージ:遺跡出土人骨から様々なことを読み取ろう

远古的讯息：从废墟中出土的人骨中了解各种各样的事情

• 发表时间: 2010
• 作者: A. Lin;Z. Ren and Y. Kumahara;江田真毅;佐藤靖;橋本裕子
• 通讯作者: 橋本裕子

宮内堀脇遺跡出土の室町時代人骨の病変について

关于宫内堀胁遗址出土的室町时代人骨的损伤

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: Hiroko HASHIMOTO;Jamyang Chophel and Y. Kumahara;佐藤靖;熊原康博・橋爪 誠;橋本裕子;Yasushi Sato;熊原康博・橋爪誠;Hiroko HASHIMOTO;HIROKO HASHIMOTO;熊原康博;橋本裕子・鈴木隆雄
• 通讯作者: 橋本裕子・鈴木隆雄