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Construction of dose estimation model for low dose radiation exposurefor residents living around the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site

塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场周边居民低剂量辐射暴露剂量估算模型的构建

基本信息

批准号：
22404004
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Masayoshi
金额：
$ 10.65万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2010 至 2012
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Since 1994, we have concentrated our energies on assessing the radiation dose for human effect and environmental contamination by the nuclear testings at the Semipalatinsk (SNTS) in Kazakhstan. For this purpose, residual long-lived radionuclides such as 137Cs and Pu isotopes have been measured for environmental samples from various areas. At first, works were focused on Dolon village contaminated heavily and external radiation dose for resident was already estimated by detailed soil samplings where were carried out along a line perpendicular to the supposed center of plume of the first atomic bomb (Aug. 1949). In this works, such works were directed to Sarzhal, Karaul and Kainar villages located in the southern direction from the SNTS. Although the obtained data in Sarzhal and Karaul varied largely, overall, peak-like distributions similar to Gaussian function were observed for both 137Cs and 239,240Pu even after about 60 years from atomic bomb. Within the Sarzhal village, being about 5 km away from the center-axis, upper range is 5000-7000 Bq/m^2. Pu is around 2000 Bq/m^2. By using these data, external radiation doses in both villages were successfully estimated. On the other hand, in Kainar, Gaussian-likedistribution was not observed,137Cs inventory was not so high, now its inventory was around 4000 Bq/m^2. The levels are nearly same as Karaul, but somewhat higher sites like hot-spot were in places existing. Now, further works in Kainar are continuing.

自1994年以来，我们集中精力评估哈萨克斯坦塞米巴拉金斯克核试验对人类造成的辐射剂量和环境污染。为此目的，对来自不同地区的环境样品中的残留长寿命放射性核素，如137 Cs和Pu同位素进行了测量。起初，工作重点是受到严重污染的多隆村，居民的外辐射剂量已经通过详细的土壤采样来估计，土壤采样是沿着垂直于第一颗原子弹（1949年8月）的假定羽流中心的线进行的。在这项工程中，这些工程是针对位于南部地区南部的Sarzhal、Karaul和Kainar村进行的。虽然在萨尔扎尔和卡拉乌获得的数据差异很大，但总体而言，即使在原子弹爆炸后约60年，137 Cs和239，240 Pu也观察到类似高斯函数的峰值分布。在距离中轴线约5公里的Sarzhal村，上限为5000-7000 Bq/m^2。钚大约是2000 Bq/m^2。利用这些数据，成功估算了两个村庄的外辐射剂量。而在凯纳尔，没有观察到类高斯分布，137 Cs存量也不是很高，目前其存量在4000 Bq/m^2左右。水平几乎相同的Karaul，但有些更高的网站，如热点是在现有的地方。现在，在凯纳尔的进一步工作仍在继续。