Working memory training and its effects on oral proficiency in English: implications to automatically graded speaking tests

工作记忆训练及其对英语口语能力的影响：对自动评分口语测试的影响

• 批准号: 22520571
• 负责人: KANEKO Emiko
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: The University of Aizu
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2010 至 2012
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22520571/
• 关键词: スピーキング指導; スピーキングテスト; シャドウイング; 音読; シャド－イング; シャドウウイング

Utterances of about forty students in the control and experimental groups were recorded before and after the 13 working memory training sessions in the first and second semesters as planned. The utterances are transcribedand analyzed in terms of complexity, accuracy and fluency. The results of the first semester showed task effects, namely, the questions that elicited learner speech unexpectedly influenced the performance. Therefore, the effects of the working memory training could be only inferred since the expected effects could not be separated from the task effects. With the data recorded in the second semester, the changes in students’speech were analyzed more in detail. There were no significant correlations between the improvement in complexity (syntactic complexity and sentence length) and fluency, meaning that sentences became longer without sacrificing fluency. On the other hand,significant correlation was found between the changes in complexity and in number of errors, implying a tradeoff effect between complexity and accuracy.As for fluency, there was significant negative correlation between the results of the pre-test and the difference in fluency scores between pre-and post-tests (r=-.59), indicating that the more fluent the students were initially, the less effective these practices were.

按计划在第一学期和第二学期进行13次工作记忆训练前后，记录对照组和实验组约40名学生的话语。这些话语被转录并分析其复杂性、准确性和流畅性。第一学期的结果显示任务效应，即引发学习者说话的问题出乎意料地影响了表现。因此，工作记忆训练的效果只能推断，因为预期效果和任务效果是分不开的。通过第二学期的数据记录，对学生的言语变化进行了更详细的分析。复杂性（句法复杂性和句子长度）的提高与流利度之间没有显著的相关性，这意味着句子变得更长而不牺牲流利度。另一方面，复杂性的变化与错误数量之间存在显著的相关性，这意味着复杂性和准确性之间存在权衡效应。在流利性方面，前测结果与测试前后的流利性得分差异呈显著负相关（r=- 0.59），表明学生最初的流利程度越高，这些练习的效果越差。

项目成果

The impact of pseudo-speaking practices on L2 spontaneous speech

伪说话实践对二语自发言语的影响

• 作者: 安達 登;篠田謙一;梅津和夫;Yuko Nishitani;Emiko Kaneko
• 通讯作者: Emiko Kaneko

Correlation of Computerized Test Scores and Spontaneous Speech of Novice-level EFL Learners: An Exploratory Study of L2 Fluency

计算机化测试分数与初级英语学习者自发言语的相关性：第二语言流利度的探索性研究

• 作者: 藤田智子;姫田麻利子;藤田智子;Emiko Kaneko;Emiko Kaneko;藤田智子;Emiko Kaneko
• 通讯作者: Emiko Kaneko

The impact of non-communicative practices on L2 spontaneous speech

非交际实践对第二语言自发言语的影响

• 作者: Baudouin Dupret;Michael E. Lynch;& Tim Berard;阿部裕介;和田肇;大藤紀子;Emiko Kaneko
• 通讯作者: Emiko Kaneko

Effects of Pseudo-speaking Experience on L2 Spontaneous Speech : Quantitative Analysis in the Framework of Levelt's Speaking Model

伪说话经验对二语自发言语的影响：Levelt口语模型框架下的定量分析

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: Himeta;Mariko;金子恵美子
• 通讯作者: 金子恵美子