School Culture and Gender of Middle School and Girls' Middle School in Modern Japan.

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In this research, based on a viewpoint of the history of school system, comparative analyses of the education of middle school and girls’ middle school are conducted, along with the analyses of the magazine articles read by middle school students or girls’ middle school students. As a result, the followings are clarified: characteristics of the discussion on the secondary education reform in the 1920s, the differences ofstructural designs of middle school and girls’ middle school, the differences of textbook contents between Shushin(morals) and Seiri-eisei (physiology and hygiene), and the differences of themes and styles in the literary columns of boys’ magazines and girls’ magazines. This research achieved to clarify the framework of gender construction in secondary education.