Molecular mechanism for prevention of high-fat and -cholesterol-induced fibrotic steatohepatitis and development of the non-invasive biomarker

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High-fat and-cholesterol diet (HFC) induced hepatic fibrosis greater in SHRSP5/Dmcr than SHRSP. This was due to greater suppression of UGT, CAR and PXR in the former than the latter. The fibrosis area was greater in males than females. The UGT activity and expressions of CAR and PXR, were not suppressed by HFC diet in females, while significantly suppressed in males, suggesting this enzyme and its nuclea receptors excreting bile acid may be one of important role in the sex differences in the histopathological finding. EPA prevented inflammation by inhibiting increase of p65/p50, however, did not influence fibrosis development.HFC diet mainly induced necrosis in the liver by decrease in caspase 3/7 activity. Serum K18Asp396 levels were positively correlated with hepatocyte necrosis and fibrosis, suggesting that the levels may be a good noninvasive biomarker of these findingss. According to HFC-diet feeding, ratio of cholic acid/chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)significantly decreased.