Basic research regarding the role of innate immune responses in the onset of allergic diseases

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In the present study, we investigated whether innate immune responses such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) against a crude extract of Dermatophagoides farinae (ceDer f)are involved in the onset of atopic asthma using a mouse model of allergic asthma.As a result, asthma-like phenotype, including airway hyper-responsiveness and airway eosinophilia, are dependent on TLR4, TLR9, ASC and type I IFN according to the data using each KO mice. In addition, the treatment of chloroquine, an inhibitor of endosome-lysosome acidification, with ceDer f clearly inhibited asthmatic phenotype in mice. Furthermore, the contamination of genomic DNA was detected in ceDer f using qPCR. In contrast, TLR9 was not involved in the asthma like phenotype using a conventional asthma model administered with ceDer f plus alum intraperitoneally followed by intratracheal injection of the allergen three times.These findings indicated that TLRs play a pivotal role in the onset of mite-induced asthmatic phenotype.