Innovative regenerative medicine of hearing loss after cochlear ischemia by embryonic stem cells

我们研究了造血干细胞对沙鼠短暂性耳蜗缺血后毛细胞进行性变性的影响。颅外阻断双侧椎动脉可引起短暂性耳蜗缺血。造血干细胞经股静脉给药。在螺旋型臼齿动脉中证实了移植细胞，但在Corti器官中未发现移植细胞。通过ABR评估听力的顺序变化。与对照组相比，造血干细胞组ABR阈值移位明显降低。造血干细胞组内毛细胞死亡/完整细胞的平均比例明显低于对照组。造血干细胞组Corti器官中营养因子蛋白水平升高表明造血干细胞上调了这些营养因子。静脉注射造血干细胞可以预防毛细胞变性，改善听力障碍。提示造血干细胞可能通过旁分泌作用具有治疗潜力。

We investigated the influence of HSCs on progressive hair cell degeneration after transient cochlear ischemia in gerbils. Transient cochlear ischemia was produced by extracranial occlusion of the bilateral vertebral arteries. HSCs were administrated via femoral vein. Transplanted cells were confirmed in the spiral modiolar artery but was not found in the organ of Corti. Sequential changes in hearing were assessed by ABR. HSCs group was significantly decreased ABR threshold shift compared to the control group. The average ratio of dead/intact cells of inner hair cells was significantly smaller in the HSCs group than control group. The increasing of trophic factors protein level in the organ of Corti in the HSCs group indicated that HSCs upregulated the trophic factors. The intravenous injected HSCs could prevent hair cell degeneration and ameliorate hearing impairment. These results suggested that HSCs had therapeutic potential possibly through paracrine effects.