Identification and functional analysis thoef gfsA gene involved in the biosynthesis of galactofuranose containing oligosaccharides

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The walls of filamentous fungi contain galactofuranose-containing polysaccharides and glycoconjugates. Galactofuranose residues are thought be important for Aspergillus cell wall integrity, however, galactofuranosyltransferases involved in galactofuranose antigens biosynthesis have not previously been identified. We used reverse-genetic and biochemical approaches to identify A. nidulans the gfsA gene which is responsible for galactofuranose antigen biosynthesis. Disruption of gfsA reduces reactivity with the EB-A2 antibody, which recognizes b-galactofuranose residue, to galactomannoproteins and to the purified WscA, which is one of O-glycosylated sensor protein of cell surface. The results of an in vitro galactofuranose antigen synthase assay revealed that the purified GfsA has a galactofuranosyltransferase activity and requires a divalent manganese cation and consumes UDP-D-galactofuranose as a sugar donor. This is the first characterization of fungalb-galactofuranosyltransferae