Development of Chinese Lemming as an Experimental Animal

1998 ~ 1999年连续两年对新疆维吾尔自治区捕获的野生啮齿动物进行了寄生虫学和病毒学调查。为了开发用于人类传染病的新的实验动物模型，尝试在实验室中饲养草原兔尾鼠和沙鼠，并且用棘球绦虫属物种实验感染实验室出生的动物，共捕获野生小动物569只，其中17个地点的野生小动物为婴儿利什曼原虫（Leishmaniafantum）和隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidiumspp.）。天山、天山食虫目2科2属2种，啮齿目3科18属25种。寄生虫学检查共获得棘头虫和线虫24种，绦虫7种。结果表明，20匹马中有4匹和20只羊中有5只检测到抗博尔纳病病毒抗体，在实验感染草原兔、绵羊和金黄地鼠的棘球绦虫中，绵羊对多房棘球绦虫和细粒棘球绦虫均高度敏感。经口接种隐孢子虫的草原兔尾鼠和鼠尾鼠粪便中均检出了隐孢子虫和鼠隐孢子虫卵囊。接种后2 ~ 18 d，表明这些动物可作为隐孢子虫病的一种新的感染模型。在实验感染婴儿乳杆菌时，原虫在草原兔乳杆菌肝脏和脾脏中的生长速度比在仓鼠肝脏和脾脏中快。

Parasitological and virological surveys of wil rodents captured in the Xinjiang-Uygur autonomous region of China over 2 years from 1998 through 1999 were carried out. In order to develop new laboratory animal models for human infectious diseases, attempts were made to rear Lagurus lagurus and Meriones meridianus in the laboratory and to experimentally infect the laboratory-born animals with Echinococcus spp., Leishmania infantum and Cryptosporidium spp.A total of 569 wild small animals were captured in 17 localities in and around Mt. Tien-Shan and Mt. Altai and belonged to 2 families, 2 genera and 2 species of Insectivora, and 3 families, 18 genera, and 25 species of Rodentia. Twenty four species of acanthocephala and nematodes, and seven species of cestodes were obtained from the captured animals in parasitological examinations. Anti-Borna disease virus antibodies were detected in 4 out of 20 horses and 5 out of 20 sheep.In experimental infection of L.lagurus, M.meridianus and golden hamster with Echinococcus spp, M.meridianus was highly sensitive to both E.multilocularis and E.granulosus infections. Oocysts of Cryptosporidum purvum and C.muris were detected in feces from both L.lagurus and M.meridianus orally inoculated with Cryptosporidum spp. for 2 to 18 days after inoculation, indicating that these animals can be used as a new infection model for cryptosporidiosis. In experimental infection with L.infantum, the protozoa grew more rapidly in livers and spleens of L.lagurus than in those of hamsters.