Refining and piloting a text messaging intervention to delay alcohol initiation and reduce alcohol use escalation among abstainer and lighter drinker college students

项目总结/摘要 虽然对美国大学饮酒的研究主要集中在饮酒的普遍性和问题上， 与重度间歇性饮酒有关，少量的研究集中在大学生身上， 要么是戒酒者（即，不饮酒）或较轻的饮酒者（即，对于男性，饮用4杯或更少的饮料 在两个小时和14个或更少的饮料每周;和妇女喝3个或更少的两个小时和7个或更少 每周一杯）。根据一项全国性的调查，超过40%的18-22岁的大学生没有 报告在过去一个月饮酒（SAMSHA，2014年），只有一半的人定期重度发作 饮酒（NIAAA情况说明书）。研究进一步表明，有相当一部分学生 戒酒或轻度饮酒者在进入大学之前和之后确实开始饮酒，并且经常进展到 成为重度间歇性饮酒者（McCabe等人，2005; O 'Malley &约翰斯顿，2002; Schulenberg等人， 2005年）。这提供了证据表明，大学的第一年，特别是前几个月，是一个高风险的 开始饮酒和重度发作性饮酒的时间以及延迟重度发作性饮酒的时间 轻度饮酒者和戒酒者之间的饮酒应该会导致整个学院更大的相关危害， 年和年轻的成年。此外，基于移动的电话的干预是一种创新方法， 接触年轻人，并已被确立为一种基于证据的建议方法， 解决健康问题（Free等人，2011），包括酒精使用（Suffoletto等人，2012年）。因此， 该提案的最终目标是为戒酒者开发、完善和试行短信（TM）干预， 饮酒量较轻的大学一年级学生，其最终目标是延迟饮酒和/或减少 酒精使用量上升焦点小组、干预内容开发和用户交互过程 针对戒酒者和轻度饮酒者的独特体验的反馈将为TM干预提供信息 将在一项试点研究中进行，包括6周的TM、6周的干预后评估以及3、6和9 一个月的随访和100名新生的第一年戒酒和轻度饮酒的大学生。的 拟议的研究对公众健康具有很大的影响潜力。虽然TM干预措施已被用于 对于高风险的年轻成年饮酒者，这是第一个为戒酒或更轻的人开发的TM干预措施。 饮酒者，这在文献中是一个值得注意的空白（Bock等人，2016）。延迟酒精使用开始或升级 从长远来看，减少大量饮酒将节省与高风险饮酒相关的金钱和精力。 鉴于减少年轻人和大学生过度饮酒的行为已被列为 作为《2020年健康人》（USDHHS，2015年）的一个主要目标和NIAAA的一个关键优先事项， 重点是在戒酒者和较轻者中延迟酒精的开始和升级到更高风险的酒精使用 饮酒者可以在实现这一目标方面迈出重要的一步。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT While a large focus of research on U.S. college drinking has focused on the prevalence of and problems related to heavy-episodic drinking, a much smaller amount of research has focused on college students who are either abstainers (i.e., do not drink any alcohol) or lighter drinkers (i.e., for men, drinking 4 or fewer drinks in two hours and 14 or fewer drinks per week; and for women drinking 3 or fewer in two hours and 7 or fewer drinks per week). According to a national survey, over 40% percent of college students ages 18–22 do not report drinking in the past month (SAMSHA, 2014) with only half of those engaging in regular heavy-episodic drinking (NIAAA factsheet). Research further suggests that a significant proportion of students who were abstinent or light drinkers prior to and upon entering college do initiate drinking, and often progress to becoming heavy-episodic drinkers (McCabe et al., 2005; O’Malley & Johnston, 2002; Schulenberg et al., 2005). This provides evidence that the first year of college, and specifically the first few months, is a high-risk time for initiating both drinking and heavy-episodic drinking and that delaying the onset of heavy-episodic drinking among light drinkers and abstainers should lead to greater related harms throughout both the college years and young adulthood. Additionally, mobile phone-based interventions are an innovative method for reaching young people and have been established as an evidence-based, recommended approach towards addressing health issues (Free et al., 2011), including alcohol use (Suffoletto et al., 2012). As such, the ultimate goal of this proposal is to develop, refine and pilot a text message (TM) intervention for abstainer and lighter drinking first year college students with the ultimate goal of delaying alcohol initiation and/or reducing alcohol use escalation. An iterative process of focus groups, intervention content development, and user feedback focused on the unique experiences of abstainers and lighter drinkers will inform the TM Intervention to be delivered in a pilot study with 6 weeks of TMs, a 6 week post-intervention assessment, and 3, 6, and 9 month follow-ups and among 100 incoming first year abstainer and lighter drinker college students. The proposed research has great potential for impact on public health. Although TM interventions have been used with high-risk young adult drinkers, this is the first TM intervention to be developed for abstaining or lighter drinkers, which is a noted gap in the literature (Bock et al., 2016). Delaying alcohol use initiation or escalation to heavy alcohol use will, in the longer-term, save money and effort associated with higher-risk alcohol use. Given that reducing young adults’ and college students’ engagement in excessive alcohol use has been listed as a major objective of Healthy People 2020 (USDHHS, 2015) and a key priority of NIAAA, an intervention that focuses on delaying alcohol initiation and escalation into higher-risk alcohol use among abstainer and lighter drinkers could make important strides to achieving this goal.