Developing a Dual-Process Intervention for Alcohol Use among Young Adults

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议的独立之路奖的主要长期目标是发展一项关于年轻人饮酒的病因和预防以及相关负面后果的研究计划，并开始她作为一名独立科学家和助理教授职位的职业生涯。这些目标将通过五年培训计划和补充研究计划来实现。培训计划的目标包括在成瘾研究、个性化反馈干预、基于社交网络的招聘和数据传播方面获得经验。这些更直接的目标将通过一项互动培训计划实现，该计划包括正式课程、研讨会、讲习班、全国会议和撰写关于青少年酒精干预的文献审查。拟议的研究将扩大通过培训计划获得的知识。研究计划的长期目标是为年轻人开发理论上合理的双重处理酒精干预措施本研究的具体目标将通过两项研究来实现。研究1将在K99指导阶段完成，包括一项旨在实现特定目标#1的纵向研究，该目标是在18-20岁的年轻人样本中评估原型意愿模型应用于酒精使用，以便为制定理论上合理的简短干预措施提供信息。研究2(R00阶段)将采用实验设计来实现特定的目标2、3和4，即确定基于完整原型意愿模型和每个活动成分(推理途径和社交途径)的干预措施是否在减少18-20岁青年样本(相对于仅评估对照)中的酒精使用有效，确定大学生身份(当前入学与否)和饮酒行为(轻度与重度)是否调节理性干预相对于社会干预的有效性，并确定社交、理性和综合干预有效性背后的理论机制。玛丽·拉里默博士、梅丽莎·刘易斯博士和克莱顿邻居将担任这一奖项的导师，并将提供酒精使用、实验方法以及设计和提供个性化反馈干预方面的专业知识。华盛顿大学的资源提供了一个有利于发展酒精研究事业的环境，并获得了作为一名独立科学家开始职业生涯所需的技能。拟议的研究还将为利特博士向NIAAA提交的第一份R01报告提供试点数据。拟议的奖励符合NIH的目标，即增加和保持一支强大的研究人员队伍，以满足国家的行为和临床研究需求。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The major long-term objectives of the proposed Pathway to Independence Award are to develop a program of research on the etiology and prevention of alcohol use and related negative consequences in young adults and the launching of her career as an independent scientist with an assistant professor position. These goals will be achieved via a 5-year training plan and complementary research plan. Aims of the training plan include gaining experience in addictions research, personalized feedback interventions, social networking based recruitment, and dissemination of data. These more immediate goals will be achieved through an interactive training plan comprised of formal coursework, seminars, workshops, national conferences, and writing a literature review on alcohol interventions in young adults. Knowledge gained via the training plan will be augmented by the proposed research. The long-term goal of research plan to develop theoretically sound dual-processing alcohol interventions for young adults Specific aims of this research will be accomplished in two studies. Study 1, to be completed during the K99 mentored phase, consists of a longitudinal study designed to achieve specific aim # 1, which is to evaluate the Prototype Willingness model, when applied to alcohol use, in a sample of young adults aged 18-20 in order to inform the development of theoretically sound brief interventions. Study 2 (R00 phase) will employ an experimental design to achieve specific aims 2, 3, and 4, which are to determine whether interventions based on the full Prototype Willingness model and each active component (reasoned pathway and social pathway) are efficacious at reducing alcohol use in a young adult sample, ages 18-20 relative to an assessment only control, determine if college student status (currently enrolled or not) and drinking behavior (light versus heavy) moderates the efficacy of reasoned versus social interventions, and to determine theoretical mechanisms underlying the social, reasoned, and integrated intervention efficacies. Drs. Mary Larimer, Melissa Lewis, and Clayton Neighbors will serve as mentors on this award and will provide expertise in alcohol use, experimental methodology, and designing and delivering personalized feedback interventions. Resources at the University of Washington provide an environment conducive to developing a career in alcohol research and gaining the skills necessary to launch a career as an independent scientist. The proposed studies will also provide pilot data for Dr. Litt's first R01 submission to NIAAA. The proposed award is consistent with NIH's goal of increasing and maintaining a strong cohort of investigators to address the Nation's behavioral and clinical research needs.