Administrative Core

行政核心

• 批准号: 10220200
• 负责人: Francine Laden
• 金额: $ 22.11万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-24 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10220200
• 关键词: Address; African American; Air Pollution; Area; Birth; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Cardiovascular system; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chemicals; Childhood; Cities; Communities; Data; Data Set; Databases; Disease Outbreaks; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Future; Geography; Growth; Health; Health care facility; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Home environment; Hospitalization; Hot Spot; Housing; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Intervention; Leadership; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Long-Term Care; Low income; Masks; Massachusetts; Methods; Minority; Neighborhoods; New Jersey; New York; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupational Exposure; Outcome; Pattern; Perception; Persons; Physical environment; Plant Roots; Play; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Race; Recommendation; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Role; Science; Severities; Severity of illness; Social Environment; Techniques; Temperature; Time; United States; Vulnerable Populations; Work; base; built environment; comorbidity; density; environmental stressor; ethnic minority population; geographic difference; health disparity; health economics; infection rate; minority communities; mortality; novel; pandemic disease; population health; predictive modeling; racial and ethnic; racial and ethnic disparities; segregation; simulation; social; social stressor; sociodemographics; spatiotemporal; stressor; temporal measurement; transmission process

The primary objective of our Center is to understand and reduce environmental health disparities (EHDs) by conducting three fully-integrated research projects applying novel methods in epidemiology, exposure science, and cumulative risk assessment, with strong community engagement across the Center. The Center emphasizes multiple health outcomes across the life course with evidence for EHDs (birth outcomes, childhood growth rates, and cardiovascular mortality), in Massachusetts and within two low-income majority-minority communities (Chelsea and Dorchester). The influence of housing and the neighborhood environment on multiple exposures and health outcomes are emphasized throughout the Center. Within Project 3, we use novel geospatial data and simulation techniques to provide an extensive and highly resolved set of chemical and non-chemical stressor exposures, including spatially-resolved air pollution and temperature data generated in Project 1. In this supplement, we will leverage our Project 3 geospatial database of numerous social, housing, demographic, and environmental exposures across Massachusetts to evaluate racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. Our geospatial vulnerability data will be linked with individual-level COVID-19 data with address-level geocodes and daily temporal resolution, provided by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health. We will identify vulnerability factors associated with disparities in incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection across cities and towns in Massachusetts, modeling predictors of case incidence per 10,000 persons and hospitalizations per 10,000 persons by city/town over time. We will also apply novel methods to characterize spatiotemporal clustering, allowing us to determine differences in spatiotemporal patterns of COVID-19 spread within and between cities/towns, including as a function of individual characteristics. Finally, we will examine differences in city/town-specific policies, implementation of state policy, and resident perception of public health recommendations, to determine if observed patterns can be explained in part by between-city differences. With these analyses we will identify COVID-19 hot spots in Massachusetts and how cases spread within and between communities, including the hardest-hit majority-minority communities, and we will determine the vulnerability factors that best explain these exposure and health outcome disparities.

我们中心的主要目标是了解和减少环境健康 通过开展三个应用新颖的完全集成的研究项目来消除差异（EHD） 流行病学、暴露科学和累积风险评估方法，具有很强的 整个中心的社区参与。该中心强调多种健康成果 整个生命过程中都有 EHD 的证据（出生结果、儿童增长率和 心血管死亡率），在马萨诸塞州和两个低收入多数少数族群中 社区（切尔西和多切斯特）。住房和邻里关系的影响 整个过程都强调环境对多重暴露和健康结果的影响 中心。在项目 3 中，我们使用新颖的地理空间数据和模拟技术来提供 广泛且高度解析的一系列化学和非化学应激源暴露，包括 项目 1 中生成的空间分辨空气污染和温度数据。在本补充文件中， 我们将利用我们的项目 3 地理空间数据库，其中包含大量社会、住房、人口、 和马萨诸塞州的环境暴露来评估种族/民族差异 COVID-19 病例、住院治疗和死亡。我们的地理空间漏洞数据将被链接 具有地址级地理编码和每日时间分辨率的个人级 COVID-19 数据， 由马萨诸塞州公共卫生部提供。我们将识别漏洞 与各城市 COVID-19 感染发生率和严重程度差异相关的因素 和马萨诸塞州的城镇，对每 10,000 人的病例发生率进行建模预测 随着时间的推移，各城市/城镇每 10,000 人的住院人数。我们还将应用新颖的方法 表征时空聚类，使我们能够确定时空差异 COVID-19 在城市/城镇内部和之间的传播模式，包括作为 个人特征。最后，我们将研究城市/城镇特定政策的差异， 国家政策的执行情况以及居民对公共卫生建议的看法， 确定观察到的模式是否可以部分地用城市之间的差异来解释。有了这些 通过分析，我们将确定马萨诸塞州的 COVID-19 热点地区以及病例如何在该地区传播 以及社区之间，包括受灾最严重的多数少数社区，我们将 确定最能解释这些暴露和健康结果的脆弱性因素 差异。