Latino

拉丁裔核心--摘要/摘要 美国拉美裔阿尔茨海默氏症和相关痴呆症(ADRD)预计将比 从2012年的37.9万人增加到2060年的350万人，增长了九倍。拉美裔占美国人口的18%，大约 占加州总人口的40%。拉美裔在教育和教育方面落后于白人和非裔美国人 医疗保险，心血管、新陈代谢和其他疾病负担超过 白人；然而，拉丁裔出生时的预期寿命超过白人3年多，使他们更长 暴露于与年龄相关的ADRD风险。由于这些因素，以及报道中的文化差异 行为、认知和功能缺陷，最新的临床、神经心理学和神经学 用于诊断AD的程序，这些程序在很大程度上是在相对同质、良好的 受过教育的说英语的白人人群可能无法有效地使用单一语言的西班牙语 或者说西班牙-英语双语的年长的拉丁裔。因此，有必要在年长的拉丁裔中进行AD相关研究 克服有效筛查、评估、诊断和治疗早期和临床前的障碍 疾病。还需要更好地了解阻碍或促进老年人参与的因素 拉丁美洲人(特别是墨西哥裔美国人)参与AD相关研究，包括对AD及其临床的认识 特征、对AD后果和护理负担的关注程度，以及参与的意愿 研究包括生物标志物采样、遗传学和尸检等程序。要解决这些问题 需要，拉丁裔核心的总体目标是：1)进行语言和文化上合适的记忆 在圣地亚哥以拉丁裔为主的地区开展筛查和评估计划，以制定和维持 对研究感兴趣并同意成为 联系正在进行的AD相关研究；2)进行开发研究，以提炼和 评估语言和文化上适当的临床和认知评估程序，以准确地 确定MCI和老年拉丁裔人向AD痴呆的过渡；3)开展发展研究，以 确定对AD、大脑健康和参与AD各个方面的知识和态度程度 对年长的拉丁裔人的研究；以及4)充当ADRC活动和大规模 关于老年拉丁裔认知变化的流行病学项目名为拉丁裔研究-调查 神经认知老化(SOL-INCA)和其他新的全国性和全州范围的拉丁裔研究倡议。这将是 允许可能患有轻度认知障碍或ADRD的参与者接受更广泛的临床治疗 和神经心理学特征，并参与与AD相关的研究项目，包括临床 审判。因此，拉丁裔核心将确保ADRC处于有利地位，研究ADRD在这一重大而又 服务不足的人口，填补了缩小相关差距所必需的科学知识的关键空白 到我们圣地亚哥社区和其他地方的拉美人面临的ADRD诊断、治疗和护理。

LATINO CORE - SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) among U.S. Latinos are projected to increase over nine-fold from 379,000 in 2012 to 3.5 million by 2060. Latinos represent 18% of the U.S. population and about 40% of the population of California. Latinos lag behind Whites and African-Americans in education and healthcare insurance, and have cardiovascular, metabolic, and other disease burdens that exceed those of Whites; however, Latino life-expectancy at birth surpasses that of Whites by over 3-years giving them greater exposure to age-related risk of ADRD. Because of these factors, and cultural differences in reporting behavioral, cognitive, and functional deficits, state-of-the-art clinical, neuropsychological, and neurological procedures used to diagnose AD, that were largely developed and validated in relatively homogeneous, well- educated, White, English-speaking populations, may not work effectively with monolingual Spanish-speaking or Spanish-English bilingual older Latinos. Thus, there is a need for AD-related research in older Latinos to overcome barriers to effective screening, assessment, diagnosis and treatment of early and preclinical disease. There is also a need to better understand factors that impede or facilitate participation of elderly Latinos (particularly Mexican-Americans) in AD-related research, including awareness of AD and its clinical features, level of concern about the consequences of AD and burden of care, and willingness to participate in research including procedures such as sampling of biomarkers, genetics, and autopsy. To address these needs, the overall aims of the Latino Core are to: 1) conduct a linguistically- and culturally-appropriate memory screening and evaluation program in predominantly Latino areas in San Diego to develop and maintain a registry of well-characterized older Latino individuals who are interested in research and have agreed to be contacted about on-going AD-related research studies; 2) conduct developmental research to refine and evaluate linguistically- and culturally-appropriate clinical and cognitive assessment procedures to accurately identify MCI and the transition to AD dementia in older Latinos; 3) conduct developmental research to determine degree of knowledge and attitudes towards AD, brain health, and participation in all aspects of AD research in older Latinos; and 4) serve as a conduit between the activities of the ADRC and a large-scale epidemiology project on cognitive changes in older Latinos known as the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) and other new national and state-wide Latino research initiatives. This will allow participants identified with possible Mild Cognitive Impairment or ADRD to receive more extensive clinical and neuropsychological characterization and to participate in AD-related research projects, including clinical trials. Thus, the Latino Core will ensure that the ADRC is well positioned to study ADRD in this significant yet underserved population, filling critical gaps in scientific knowledge essential for reducing the disparities related to ADRD diagnosis, treatment and care facing Latinos in our San Diego community and beyond.