Bilingual Alzheimer's Disease

双语阿尔茨海默病

• 批准号: 8961878
• 负责人: Tamar Gollan
• 金额: $ 46.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-01 至 2020-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8961878
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Age of Onset; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease model; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Controlled Study; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Disease Marker; Disease Progression; Elderly; Executive Dysfunction; Exhibits; Frequencies; Fruit; Funding; Goals; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Language; Language Disorders; Lead; Light; Linguistics; Measures; Memory; Memory Loss; Memory impairment; Methods; Modeling; Names; Nature; Neuropsychological Tests; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Process; Production; Psycholinguistics; Reading; Research; Retrieval; Risk; Role; Semantics; Shapes; Solid; Speech; Symptoms; Testing; Theoretical model; Translations; Ursidae Family; Work; aging population; bilingualism; cognitive ability; cognitive change; cognitive process; cognitive testing; episodic memory impairment; executive function; improved; language impairment; language processing; programs; protective effect; public health relevance; semantic processing; standardize measure

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project investigates the joint consequences of bilingualism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) for linguistic and cognitive processing, with the goals of shaping psycholinguistic models of bilingualism (Aim 1), testing models of cognitive decline in AD (Aim 2), and characterizing the profile of cognitive impairments typical of bilingual AD (Aim 3). Data from an initial 5 years of funding revealed unexpected patterns of dual-language decline in AD, and suggested that bilinguals perform differently from monolinguals on neuropsychological tests often used to diagnose AD. These results challenge models of bilingualism and cognitive decline in AD, which currently do not account for patterns of cognitive change in bilingual AD, and they underscore the need to further investigate how factors that are known to affect bilingual language processing influence the presentation of AD in bilinguals. We consider three major accounts of bilingual language processing to derive predictions about dual-language decline in AD, while also aiming to identify which language, which tasks, and which testing conditions produce the greatest differences between Spanish-English bilinguals with AD and matched cognitively healthy controls. As a part of this endeavor, we propose to extend our investigation of language deficits in bilingual AD from single word production to also examine production of connected speech and verbal list memory. The proposed studies provide a unique test of models of cognitive decline in AD, which, when considered in concert with different bilingual processing models, lead to different predictions about dual-language change in bilingual AD. By testing these models, we aim to identify which cognitive mechanism is responsible for linguistic decline in bilingual AD (semantic processing, retrieval difficulty, or executive control), to shed light on the role of executive control in bilingual language processing and, possibly, to identify protective effects of bilingualism against cognitive decline, and unique markers of AD in bilinguals. Using objective measures of bilingual language proficiency, each study will examine how bilingualism affects performance across the full continuum from low to high levels of proficiency. The proposed studies will continue a systematic program of research that aims to characterize the typical presentation of cognitive deficits in bilingual AD, while bringing unique evidence to bear on models of bilingual language processing and cognitive decline in AD. The proposed studies will provide a theoretical framework from which to develop better assessment measures for bilinguals, and they will have further practical implications by identifying conditions that minimize interference between languages and allow bilinguals with AD to speak as fluently as they can.

 描述（由适用提供）：该项目调查了双语主义和阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）在语言和认知处理中的共同后果，其目标是塑造双语主义的心理学模型（AIM 1）的目标（AIM 1），测试AD认知能力下降的模型（AIM 2）（AIM 2）（AIM 2），以及表征认知型典型典型AD（AIM）的概况（AIM AD）（目标3）。最初的5年资金数据显示了AD的双语言下降的意外模式，并建议双语者的表现与通常用于诊断AD的神经心理学测试的单语言不同。这些结果挑战了AD的双语和认知下降模型，目前尚未考虑双语AD的认知变化模式，并且它们强调了进一步研究如何影响双语语言处理的因素如何影响双语中AD的表现。我们考虑双语语言处理的三个主要记载，以得出有关AD双语言下降的预测，同时还旨在确定哪种语言，哪些任务以及哪些测试条件会产生具有AD的西班牙语英语双语和匹配的认知健康控制的最大差异。作为这项努力的一部分，我们建议将语言的投资从单词生产中定义为单词生产的定义，以检查连接的语音和口头列表记忆的产生。拟议的研究提供了对AD认知下降模型的独特测试，当与不同的双语处理模型协同时，该模型会导致关于双语AD双语变化的不同预测。通过测试这些模型，我们旨在确定哪种认知机制负责双语AD的语言下降（语义处理，检索难度或执行控制），以阐明执行控制在双语语言处理中的作用，并可能确定双语主义对双语主义的保护作用，以防双语效果。 双语中的广告标记。使用双语语言能力的客观度量，每项研究都将研究双语如何影响整个绩效。拟议的研究将继续进行系统的研究计划，旨在表征双语广告中认知缺陷的典型表现，同时为双语语言处理和AD的认知能力下降带来独特的证据。拟议的研究将提供一个理论框架，以通过该框架为双语者制定更好的评估措施，并通过确定将语言之间的干扰和允许AD的双语者尽可能流利地说话，从而具有进一步的实际意义。