Bilingual Alzheimer's Disease

双语阿尔茨海默病

• 批准号: 8313111
• 负责人: Tamar Gollan
• 金额: $ 3.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-01 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8313111
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease model; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Clinical; Cognitive; Comprehension; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnosis; Disease; Disease Marker; Disease Progression; Early Diagnosis; Elderly; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Frequencies; Friends; Goals; Health; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Joints; Knowledge; Language; Language Disorders; Language Tests; Materials Testing; Measures; Modeling; Patients; Pattern; Process; Production; Property; Psycholinguistics; Reading; Relative (related person); Retrieval; Risk; Role; Semantics; Shapes; Staging; Testing; Time; Translations; age effect; base; bilingualism; cognitive control; cognitive system; design; executive function; language processing; meetings; novel; prevent; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project investigates the joint consequences of bilingualism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) for language and cognitive processing, with the goals of shaping psycholinguistic models of bilingualism (Aim 1), testing models of cognitive decline in AD (Aim 2), and characterizing unique aspects in the presentation of bilingual AD (Aim 3). Aging Spanish-English bilinguals are rapidly increasing in numbers in the USA, but almost no information is available on the profile of bilinguals with AD. Using three different models of bilingualism and three models of cognitive decline in AD, we derive specific predictions for the pattern of dual-language decline in bilinguals with AD for several domains (single word production and comprehension, verbal fluency, language switching, cross-language intrusion errors, translation recognition, and management of dual-language activation in sentence reading). Assuming that bilinguals cannot "shut a language off", we test the effects of dual-language activation implicitly and explicitly, and examine effects that may be unique to bilinguals with AD (e.g., integrated presentation of language and control deficits, enhanced effects of the option to use either language, reduced cognate and false-friend effects). We hypothesize that AD primarily affects semantic storage in initial stages of the disease and that the dominant language will be more sensitive to such changes. However, we propose that retrieval deficits and language control problems are also present in bilingual AD, and that these deficits will affect the nondominant language with disease progression and in tasks that maximize interference between languages. In each study we consider if the results generalize to early vs. late bilinguals, and unbalanced vs. balanced bilinguals, and the implications of differences across bilingual types. The proposed studies will constrain models of bilingualism and cognitive decline in AD, will reveal the role of control in language processing, and will determine the typical presentation of bilingual AD while also identifying the conditions that allow bilinguals with AD to communicate as fluently as possible.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目调查双语和阿尔茨海默氏病 (AD) 对语言和认知处理的共同影响，目标是塑造双语的心理语言学模型（目标 1）、测试 AD 认知衰退模型（目标 2）以及描述双语 AD 呈现的独特方面（目标 3）。在美国，老年西班牙语-英语双语者的数量正在迅速增加，但几乎没有关于患有 AD 的双语者的概况信息。使用三种不同的双语模型和三种 AD 认知衰退模型，我们对 AD 双语者的双语衰退模式在多个领域（单词产生和理解、言语流畅性、语言转换、跨语言入侵错误、翻译识别和句子阅读中的双语激活管理）进行了具体预测。假设双语者不能“关闭语言”，我们隐式和显式地测试双语激活的效果，并检查双语 AD 患者可能特有的效果（例如，语言和控制缺陷的综合呈现、使用任一语言选项的增强效果、减少同源效应和假朋友效应）。我们假设 AD 主要影响疾病初始阶段的语义存储，并且主导语言将对这种变化更加敏感。然而，我们认为双语 AD 中也存在检索缺陷和语言控制问题，并且这些缺陷将影响疾病进展的非主导语言以及最大化语言之间干扰的任务。在每项研究中，我们都会考虑结果是否适用于早期双语者与晚期双语者、不平衡双语者与平衡双语者，以及不同双语类型之间差异的影响。拟议的研究将限制 AD 中的双语和认知衰退模型，揭示控制在语言处理中的作用，确定双语 AD 的典型表现，同时确定允许双语 AD 患者尽可能流利交流的条件。