Genomics of rapid adaptation in the lab and in the wild

实验室和野外快速适应的基因组学

• 批准号: 10413041
• 负责人: Dmitri Petrov
• 金额: $ 72.5万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10413041
• 关键词: Biology; Communicable Diseases; Drosophila genus; Drug resistance; Engineering; Evolution; Foundations; Genomics; Growth; Human; Humanities; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Modality; Organism; Pattern; Research; Series; System; Time; Variant; Virus; Yeasts; de novo mutation; experimental study; genomic data; mouse model; theories; tumor initiation

Project Summary Adaptation is the foundational concept in biology. My lab aims to build an empirically and theoretically rich theory of adaptation. We focus specifically on the inference of adaptation from genomic data and on the study of rapid evolution in real time. The latter include (i) experimental evolution in yeast (adaptation by de novo mutation in well-mixed clonal system), (ii) adaptation on seasonal and ecological time-scales in Drosophila (adaptation from standing variation in a obligately sexual organism), and (iii) tumor initiation, growth, and evolution in experimental mouse model of lung cancer (engineered de novo and spontaneous alterations in a spatially constrained context). These projects utilize a diversity of systems, high throughput and well-powered experimental modalities, and sophisticated and varied analytic frameworks, but they all focus on the overarching need to understand the dynamics of rapid adaptation. Ultimately, we aim to construct a theory of evolutionary adaptation that can naturally account for the patterns of evolution established over long periods of time, which are evident in genomic data, as well as the short-term dynamics of adaptation directly observable in short-term experimental studies of evolution.

项目概要 适应是生物学的基本概念。我的实验室旨在建立一个经验丰富、理论丰富的理论 的适应。我们特别关注从基因组数据推断适应以及快速适应的研究 实时进化。后者包括（i）酵母的实验进化（通过从头突变来适应） 充分混合的克隆系统），（ii）果蝇对季节和生态时间尺度的适应（适应 (iii) 实验中肿瘤的发生、生长和进化 肺癌小鼠模型（在空间受限的环境中从头设计和自发改变） 语境）。这些项目利用了多样化的系统、高通量和动力充足的实验 模式以及复杂多样的分析框架，但它们都侧重于总体需求 了解快速适应的动态。最终，我们的目标是构建进化适应理论 这可以自然地解释在很长一段时间内建立的进化模式，这是显而易见的 基因组数据，以及短期实验中可直接观察到的短期适应动态 进化论的研究。