Communicating with the Occupied and Exiled: The BBC and Czech-Language Broadcasts, 1940-1945

与被占领者和流亡者沟通：BBC 和捷克语广播，1940-1945 年

• 批准号: AH/I023562/1
• 负责人: Rajendra Chitnis
• 金额: $ 6.91万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Training Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FI023562%2F1
• 关键词: Communicating; Occupied; Exiled; BBC; Czech

The opportunity for this collaboration arose after Czech Radio, the Czech counterpart to BBC Radio, contacted the University of Bristol for advice about a unique, previously unexplored, uncatalogued collection of BBC Czech-language broadcasts made in London between 1940 and 1945. The enquiry indicated both the need for sustained British academic involvement to make sense of the collection and the significance to a British audience of what the collection could show.The collection of 700 gramophone records features new recordings of President Benes and Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk and much about Czech RAF pilots and their families, including broadcasts from airfields and interviews. The recordings were created by an independent Czech-language service, the Voice of the Free Republic (VFR), established by the government-in-exile alongside the BBC Czech Service to counter the claims of German broadcasts and raise morale at home. The two services, however, had a fraught relationship because the VFR did not conform to BBC standards of objectivity, and initially had different views about the Munich agreement and the loyalty of occupied Czechoslovakia. The collection, stored in the Czech(oslovak) Foreign Ministry since 1945, was unavailable for investigation during the Communist period (1948-1989), when information about 'Western-based resistance' to the German occupation was suppressed, and therefore no authoritative account of BBC Czech-language broadcasting during the war exists. This project will therefore uncover a whole new dimension of a subject that still fascinates Czechs and defines British-Czech relations.The project focuses on a key unwritten chapter in the history of the BBC, exploring its working practices and political role during the war in the context of its relationship with the Czechoslovak exile government and providing a case study for comparison with other examples from the period. It will examine the relationship between the BBC and the VFR and their contrasting agendas, shed light on editorial and technical processes, including censorship, and reveal new information about the activities and opinions of major Czech political and cultural figures who contributed to the broadcast. The student will spend about a year in total working at the Czech Radio archive, supervised by experienced archivists, broadcasters and technicians, and will create a searchable, electronic on-line catalogue of the collection for future researchers and programme-makers.The project will benefit historians working throughout the world on media history, propaganda, the BBC and British broadcasting history, British-Czech relations and British relations with exile governments and occupied countries, and twentieth-century Czech and Central European history and politics. The student will be able to pursue a career based either in any of these academic areas or in radio archive work, programme-making or broadcasting. During the project, alongside academic presentations and publication, the student will make a programme for Czech Radio's English-language strand and give an illustrated public lecture about the research. Following an existing model, Czech Radio will also consider publishing a bilingual, popular-historical monograph with CD based on the research. The catalogued collection will support further programming about the activities of Czechs during the Second World War, while providing access to recordings of important voices from the period and previously unavailable sound effects for use in other contexts. Czech Radio and Modern Languages at Bristol University will establish new relationships with the BBC and the British Library Sound Archive, with a view to exchanging archival resources and creating joint research and broadcasting projects, and aim to replicate the model of collaboration in future partnerships with other Europ

此次合作的机会是在捷克广播电台（BBC 广播电台的捷克对应方）联系布里斯托大学，就 1940 年至 1945 年间在伦敦制作的独特的、先前未开发过的、未编目的 BBC 捷克语广播节目合集寻求建议时产生的。调查表明，英国学术界需要持续参与以理解该合集，并了解该合集对英国观众的意义。 700 张留声机唱片收录了贝尼斯总统和外交部长扬·马萨里克的新录音，以及有关捷克皇家空军飞行员及其家人的大量内容，包括机场广播和采访。这些录音由独立的捷克语服务机构“自由共和国之声”(VFR) 制作，该服务机构是流亡政府与 BBC 捷克语服务机构共同建立的，旨在反驳德国广播的说法并提高国内士气。然而，由于 VFR 不符合 BBC 的客观性标准，并且最初对慕尼黑协议和被占领的捷克斯洛伐克的忠诚度有不同的看法，因此这两个部门之间的关系令人担忧。该资料集自 1945 年起保存在捷克（奥斯洛伐克）外交部，在共产主义时期（1948-1989 年）无法进行调查，当时有关“西方抵抗”德国占领的信息受到压制，因此不存在关于战争期间 BBC 捷克语广播的权威报道。因此，该项目将揭示一个仍然令捷克人着迷并定义英捷关系的主题的全新维度。该项目重点关注 BBC 历史上不成文的关键章节，探讨其在战争期间与捷克斯洛伐克流亡政府关系的工作实践和政治角色，并提供案例研究以与该时期的其他例子进行比较。它将审视 BBC 和 VFR 之间的关系及其截然不同的议程，阐明包括审查制度在内的编辑和技术流程，并揭示有关为广播做出贡献的捷克主要政治和文化人物的活动和观点的新信息。学生将在捷克广播电台档案馆工作总共大约一年的时间，由经验丰富的档案管理员、广播员和技术人员监督，并将为未来的研究人员和节目制作人创建一个可搜索的电子在线馆藏目录。该项目将使全世界从事媒体历史、宣传、BBC和英国广播历史、英国-捷克关系以及英国与流亡政府和被占领国家关系的历史学家受益。 二十世纪捷克和中欧历史和政治。学生将能够从事这些学术领域或广播档案工作、节目制作或广播的职业。在该项目期间，除了学术演讲和出版之外，学生还将为捷克广播电台的英语节目制作一个节目，并就该研究进行图文并茂的公开讲座。按照现有模式，捷克广播电台还将考虑根据该研究出版一本带有 CD 的双语通俗历史专着。编目收藏将支持有关第二次世界大战期间捷克人活动的进一步规划，同时提供该时期重要声音的录音以及以前无法在其他情况下使用的声音效果。布里斯托大学捷克广播和现代语言学院将与 BBC 和大英图书馆声音档案馆建立新的关系，以交换档案资源并创建联合研究和广播项目，并旨在在未来与欧洲其他国家的合作中复制这种合作模式。