Manipulation of bolting time for improved quality and greater sustainability in lettuce production

控制抽苔时间以提高生菜生产的质量和更大的可持续性

• 批准号: BB/G007330/1
• 负责人: Stephen Jackson
• 金额: $ 96.14万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FG007330%2F1
• 关键词: Manipulation; bolting; time; improved; quality

This project will take place at Warwick HRI in the University of Warwick (formerly the Horticultural Research International) and is aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling bolting in lettuce. Over 6,000 ha of lettuce, with a market value of over £80 million, was grown in the UK in 2005 (source DEFRA statistics, 2005). A major problem for lettuce growers is that the crop will sometimes initiate bolting (i.e. flowering) in the field before it is harvested. Whilst plants that are in the early stages of bolting are visibly indistinguishable from non-bolting plants, there are changes in the production of secondary metabolites in the leaves. These compounds may serve to protect the young floral buds from insect attack but give the lettuce plant a bitter and unpleasant taste and render the crop unsaleable. Delayed bolting, or greater holding ability in the field, is a desirable trait in commercial lettuce varieties as it preserves the quality of lettuces sold for consumption, and increases sustainability by reducing crop losses and wastage. This project will exploit the extensive knowledge on molecular mechanisms controlling flowering time gained from the study of model plants such as Arabidopsis. Lettuce genes that are homologous to genes known to control flowering in these model species will be identified. These will be good targets in which to induce variation in order to affect the control of bolting/flowering time. Inactivation of a gene that causes early bolting, for example, may cause later bolting which would mean that that lettuce variety will be less likely to bolt in the field before it is harvested. A greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling flowering in crop species, and the natural variation that has evolved in crops to exert a robust effect on flowering, will also broaden our understanding of the flowering process. This project is a prime example of knowledge transfer from model to crop plants.

该项目将在华威大学华威HRI（以前的园艺研究国际）进行，旨在了解控制生菜抽苔的分子机制。2005年，英国种植了超过6000公顷的生菜，市场价值超过8000万英镑（来源DEFRA统计，2005）。生菜种植者面临的一个主要问题是，在收获之前，作物有时会在田间开始抽苔（即开花）。虽然处于抽苔早期的植物与未抽苔的植物没有明显的区别，但叶片中次生代谢物的产生发生了变化。这些化合物可能起到保护幼芽不受昆虫侵害的作用，但却使生菜植株有一种苦味和令人不快的味道，使作物无法销售。延迟抽苔，或更强的田间控制能力，是商品生菜品种的理想特性，因为它保留了供消费的生菜的质量，并通过减少作物损失和浪费提高了可持续性。本项目将利用拟南芥等模式植物在控制开花时间的分子机制方面所获得的丰富知识。将鉴定出与这些模式种中已知的控制开花的基因同源的莴苣基因。这些将是诱导变异以影响抽苔/开花时间控制的良好靶点。例如，导致提早抽苔的基因失活，可能会导致晚抽苔，这意味着莴苣品种在收获前不太可能在地里抽苔。更深入地了解控制作物开花的分子机制，以及在作物中进化出的对开花产生强大影响的自然变异，也将拓宽我们对开花过程的理解。该项目是知识从模型向作物转移的一个主要例子。

项目成果

Mobile FT mRNA contributes to the systemic florigen signalling in floral induction.

移动 FT mRNA 有助于花诱导中的系统成花素信号传导

• DOI: 10.1038/srep00073
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Li, Chunyang;Gu, Mei;Shi, Nongnong;Zhang, Hang;Yang, Xin;Osman, Toba;Liu, Yule;Wang, Huizhong;Vatish, Manu;Jackson, Stephen;Hong, Yiguo
• 通讯作者: Hong, Yiguo

Systemic movement of FT mRNA and a possible role in floral induction.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00127
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Frontiers in plant science
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Jackson SD;Hong Y
• 通讯作者: Hong Y

The isolation of flowering time genes from lettuce to enable the manipulation of bolting time

• 发表时间: 2010-09
• 作者: A. Abbott

Functional analysis of Arabidopsis Flowering locus T RNA and protein

拟南芥开花位点T RNA 和蛋白的功能分析

• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: Li Chunyang