iSAM: Integrative Systems Analysis of the Shoot Apical Meristem

iSAM：芽顶端分生组织的综合系统分析

• 批准号: BB/I004661/1
• 负责人: James Murray
• 金额: $ 85.23万
• 依托单位: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FI004661%2F1
• 关键词: iSAM; Integrative; Systems; Analysis; Shoot

Morphogenesis is the process by which organisms are built up from cells during development. Living organisms and their component organs have defined and recognisable shapes and forms, and this requires the coordinated actions of many cells. However, despite extensive focus on the cellular components, we still do not understand how such complex structures and patterns are produced. The goal of this project is to understand the morphogenetic events leading to growth and organ production in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of higher plants, in an iterative process of analysis, model building, biological testing and refinement. The SAM is a population of dividing, undifferentiated cells that generates the leaves and other organs of plants in highly ordered patterns at shoot tips throughout the life of the plant. The SAM is a complex self-maintaining and stable structure, housing at its centre a population of stem cells and initiating organs on its periphery. The SAM produces the cells that comprise all aboveground plant tissues, and defines the number, type and position of lateral organs. SAMs are thus the basis of plant architecture and determinants of major agronomic traits. In view of its importance, the SAM has been extensively studied and a wealth of information is available concerning its molecular and cellular components. Nevertheless, we do not understand how these components assemble into the multicellular structures that have specific shapes and growth dynamics. It is this question we wish to address. We will do this through building multi-level computer models of SAM function, based on biological observation of living SAMs and measurements of key parameters, including responses to plant hormones that both define the growth and division of individual cells and coordinate the overall behaviour of the SAM structure. The outcome of the project will be a greatly increased understanding of the cellular basis of morphogenesis in the important SAM system. It will generate many relevant new data that will be organised in a database. This will underpin the first complete spatialised cellular model of SAM growth in the form of a growing virtual tissue, in which cells mechanically interact and respond according to a small network programme determining responses based on quantitative data. This model will be used for predictive experimentation allowing specific questions regarding the maintenance, organogenesis and morphogenesis of the SAM system to be addressed. This proposal links four leading research teams in UK, France and Finland, with a previous track record of several relevant joint collaborations, and bringing synergistic expertise and technologies in imaging, modelling, plant hormones and cell division to address this important systems problem.

形态发生是生物体在发育过程中由细胞组成的过程。生物体及其组成器官具有确定的和可识别的形状和形式，这需要许多细胞的协调行动。然而，尽管对细胞成分的广泛关注，我们仍然不了解这种复杂的结构和模式是如何产生的。该项目的目标是了解导致高等植物茎尖分生组织（SAM）生长和器官产生的形态发生事件，分析，模型构建，生物测试和改进的迭代过程。SAM是一群分裂的未分化的细胞，其在植物的整个生命中在茎尖以高度有序的模式产生植物的叶和其他器官。SAM是一个复杂的自我维持和稳定的结构，在其中心容纳了一群干细胞，并在其外围启动器官。SAM产生构成所有地上植物组织的细胞，并定义侧生器官的数量、类型和位置。因此，自组装膜是植物结构的基础和主要农艺性状的决定因素。鉴于其重要性，SAM已被广泛研究，并且可获得关于其分子和细胞组分的丰富信息。然而，我们不知道这些组件如何组装成具有特定形状和生长动力学的多细胞结构。这正是我们希望解决的问题。我们将通过构建SAM功能的多级计算机模型来实现这一目标，该模型基于对活SAM的生物学观察和关键参数的测量，包括对植物激素的反应，这些激素既定义了单个细胞的生长和分裂，又协调了SAM结构的整体行为。该项目的成果将是大大增加了解的重要SAM系统中的形态发生的细胞基础。它将产生许多相关的新数据，这些数据将被组织在一个数据库中。这将支持SAM生长的第一个完整的空间化细胞模型，该模型以生长的虚拟组织的形式存在，其中细胞根据基于定量数据确定响应的小型网络程序进行机械交互和响应。该模型将用于预测实验，允许有关SAM系统的维护，器官发生和形态发生的具体问题得到解决。该提案将英国、法国和芬兰的四个领先研究团队联系起来，并在成像、建模、植物激素和细胞分裂方面带来协同的专业知识和技术，以解决这一重要的系统问题。

项目成果

Activation of CYCD7;1 in the central cell and early endosperm overcomes cell-cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis female gametophyte, and promotes early endosperm and embryo development.

• DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12957
• 发表时间: 2015-10
• 期刊: The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
• 作者: Sornay E;Forzani C;Forero-Vargas M;Dewitte W;Murray JA
• 通讯作者: Murray JA

Stimulation of the final cell cycle in the stomatal lineage by the cyclin CYCD7;1 under regulation of the MYB transcription factor FOUR-LIPS

细胞周期蛋白 CYCD7;1 在 MYB 转录因子 FOUR-LIPS 的调节下刺激气孔谱系的最终细胞周期

• DOI: 10.1101/207845
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Patell F

Cell-size dependent progression of the cell cycle creates homeostasis and flexibility of plant cell size.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15060
• 发表时间: 2017-04-27
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: R Jones A;Forero-Vargas M;Withers SP;Smith RS;Traas J;Dewitte W;Murray JAH
• 通讯作者: Murray JAH

Segmentation of Meristem Cells by an Automated Optimization Algorithm

通过自动优化算法分割分生组织细胞

• DOI: 10.3390/app10238523
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Applied Sciences
• 作者: Rojas O

AINTEGUMENTA and the D-type cyclin CYCD3;1 independently contribute to petal size control in Arabidopsis: evidence for organ size compensation being an emergent rather than a determined property.

• DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv200
• 发表时间: 2015-07
• 期刊: Journal of experimental botany
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Randall RS;Sornay E;Dewitte W;Murray JA
• 通讯作者: Murray JA