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Systems analysis of tapetal regulatory networks required for pollen development

花粉发育所需绒毡层调控网络的系统分析

基本信息

批准号：
BB/J001295/1
负责人：
Zoe Wilson
金额：
$ 65.48万
依托单位：
University of Nottingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FJ001295%2F1
关键词：
Systems analysis tapetal regulatory networks

项目摘要

Pollen development is fundamental to plant fertilisation and seed formation, and is vital for the production of most of the food that we eat. It also plays a critical role in plant breeding and the production of hybrid plants. Hybrids (results of crossing two separate plant lines) tend to be more vigorous, with 20-30% higher yields, compared to self-fertilised lines. An example of how important this can be is seen with hybrid rice in China, where growing hybrid lines provides additional food for 60 million people/annum. However, the production of hybrids is both time-consuming and costly. We are becoming increasingly aware of population increases and the need for sustainable, effective agricultural systems, with increased yield but less environmental impact. Understanding the process of pollen formation is a vital step in such strategies since it provides an opportunity for selective breeding, maximising fertilization and hybrid production. Over recent years significant progress has been made towards understanding pollen development, much of this has come from studying mutants that fail to produce viable pollen (male steriles) in the model plant Arabidopsis. However recent advances, mean that information on pollen regulatory networks from Arabidopsis can now be applied to crops. We have shown that the pathways for pollen development between Arabidopsis and rice and barley are highly conserved; therefore such data can directly impact on strategies for crop breeding and hybrid production. One of the most important anther tissues for pollen production is the tapetum and many male sterile mutants show tapetal abnormalities. It plays a key secretory role in events associated with meiosis, pollen wall formation and in the development of microspores to pollen grains. However, little is known about the relationship between the tapetum and the developing pollen, although the tapetum has been shown to be essential. ABORTED MICROSPORE (AMS) is a key regulatory gene in the tapetum, which shows prolonged expressed during pollen development, which appears to have multiple roles during pollen formation, including early events associated with meiosis and later stages when synthesis and secretion of the pollen wall materials occurs. Our analysis of AMS during pollen wall formation has identified AMS regulated targets, including an ABC transporter, which is involved in the transport of pollen wall materials from the tapetum to the pollen and recently lipid biosynthesis for the pollen wall. However, it is also involved in earlier events, for example in the progression of meiosis and tapetal Programmed Cell Death. Although we have data that AMS regulates additional targets, there has been no characterisation of these other roles. In this proposal we want to build on our existing data and analyse the function of AMS throughout tapetal development. We will also analyse the expression of key components in the network using inducible AMS constructs and test them for their role in pollen development. We will use mathematical modelling of this pathway to help understand the cellular specificity of the network and determine components of the network, which are functioning in the communication between the tapetum and developing pollen. We will also determine how AMS regulates the expression of its targets and whether this is via a change in the status of the chromatin to make it accessible for expression. This work will provide a greater understanding of how the tapetum and the AMS regulatory network function to control pollen formation. It will provide valuable information about pollen development, which will be useful to facilitate control of fertility for breeding, and for the development of hybrid lines for increased yield. The regulatory networks found in Arabidopsis are conserved in the monocots rice and barley, thus the comparative analysis of these networks will directly impact onto crop research in the UK and worldwide.

花粉发育是植物受精和种子形成的基础，对我们吃的大多数食物的生产至关重要。它在植物育种和杂交植物的生产中也起着关键作用。杂交种（两个独立植物系杂交的结果）往往更有活力，与自交系相比，产量高出20-30%。这一点的重要性可以从中国的杂交水稻中看出，杂交水稻的种植每年为6000万人提供额外的食物。然而，杂交种的生产既费时又费钱。我们越来越意识到人口的增长和建立可持续、有效的农业系统的必要性，这种系统的产量增加，但对环境的影响较小。了解花粉形成的过程是这种策略的重要一步，因为它为选择性育种，最大限度地提高受精率和杂交生产提供了机会。近年来，在理解花粉发育方面取得了重大进展，其中大部分来自于研究在模式植物拟南芥中不能产生有活力的花粉（雄性不育）的突变体。然而，最近的进展意味着拟南芥花粉调控网络的信息现在可以应用于作物。我们已经证明拟南芥与水稻和大麦之间的花粉发育途径是高度保守的;因此这些数据可以直接影响作物育种和杂交生产的策略。绒毡层是花粉产生的重要组织之一，许多雄性不育突变体都表现出绒毡层异常。它在减数分裂、花粉壁形成和小孢子向花粉粒发育过程中起着关键的分泌作用。然而，绒毡层和发育中的花粉之间的关系知之甚少，虽然绒毡层已被证明是必不可少的。ABORTED MICROSPORE（AMS）基因是绒毡层中的一个重要调控基因，在花粉发育过程中长期表达，在花粉形成过程中起着多种作用，包括减数分裂的早期事件和花粉壁物质合成和分泌的后期阶段。我们对花粉壁形成过程中的AMS的分析已经确定了AMS调节的靶点，包括ABC转运蛋白，它参与花粉壁物质从绒毡层到花粉的运输，以及最近花粉壁的脂质生物合成。然而，它也参与早期事件，例如减数分裂和绒毡层程序性细胞死亡的进展。虽然我们有数据表明AMS调节了其他靶点，但还没有这些其他作用的特征。在这个建议中，我们希望建立在我们现有的数据和分析AMS在整个绒毡层发育的功能。我们还将使用诱导型AMS构建体分析网络中关键组分的表达，并测试它们在花粉发育中的作用。我们将使用这一途径的数学建模来帮助理解网络的细胞特异性，并确定网络的组成部分，这些组成部分在绒毡层和发育中的花粉之间的通信中发挥作用。我们还将确定AMS如何调节其靶标的表达，以及这是否是通过改变染色质的状态使其可用于表达。这项工作将提供一个更好的了解绒毡层和AMS调控网络的功能，以控制花粉形成。它将提供有关花粉发育的有价值的信息，这将有助于促进育种的育性控制，以及用于提高产量的杂交系的开发。在拟南芥中发现的调控网络在单子叶植物水稻和大麦中是保守的，因此这些网络的比较分析将直接影响英国和全球的作物研究。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

PMRD: a curated database for genes and mutants involved in plant male reproduction.

DOI：
10.1186/1471-2229-12-215
发表时间：
2012-11-15
期刊：
BMC plant biology
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Cui X;Wang Q;Yin W;Xu H;Wilson ZA;Wei C;Pan S;Zhang D
通讯作者：
Zhang D

Biphasic regulation of the transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES (AMS) is essential for tapetum and pollen development in Arabidopsis.

DOI：
10.1111/nph.14200
发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
The New phytologist
影响因子：
0
作者：
Ferguson AC;Pearce S;Band LR;Yang C;Ferjentsikova I;King J;Yuan Z;Zhang D;Wilson ZA
通讯作者：
Wilson ZA

RiceAntherNet: a gene co-expression network for identifying anther and pollen development genes

DOI：
10.1111/tpj.13744
发表时间：
2017-12-01
期刊：
PLANT JOURNAL
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Lin, Hong;Yu, Jing;Wilson, Zoe A.
通讯作者：
Wilson, Zoe A.

DELLA activity is required for successful pollen development in the Columbia ecotype of Arabidopsis.

DOI：
10.1111/nph.12571
发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
The New phytologist
影响因子：
0
作者：
Plackett ARG;Ferguson AC;Powers SJ;Wanchoo-Kohli A;Phillips AL;Wilson ZA;Hedden P;Thomas SG
通讯作者：
Thomas SG

The early inflorescence of Arabidopsis thaliana demonstrates positional effects in floral organ growth and meristem patterning.