MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS ON MACROPHAGES

活体核磁共振将活体组织暴露于 巨大的磁场。组织成分与组织的相互作用很弱 磁场，以及磁场的直接影响 细胞、生化和遗传过程还没有 可重复建立的。然而，微观铁磁 微粒以污染物的形式存在于肺部和其他器官中。 在许多职业环境中，人类吸入磁粉 气雾剂；一部分颗粒物留在肺部， 被肺巨噬细胞摄取。强磁场可以 使这些磁性粒子移动、旋转和聚集。 核磁共振场对细胞和组织的毒理学 铁磁性粒子是未知的。 01年和02年的项目证明了这一微观 在光学和磁学上都能观察到磁性粒子 在牢房里。此外，这种粒子还可以作为实验用的 巨噬细胞功能的无创性提供指标 关于细胞器运动的信息。我们发现这是为了 吞噬颗粒，细胞质运动旋转颗粒和 在磁场中产生可检测到的变化。此外, 细胞内的颗粒可以被施加的外部物质扭曲 场，它允许测量胞浆粘弹性。 拟议的研究将检查磁场对 含颗粒的肺巨噬细胞。在04-06年度，我们会 回答以下问题： (1)磁力能克服由磁力产生的动力吗 巨噬细胞胞浆？磁力能抑制趋化性吗？ 我们将量化牵引力的大小。 从磁学角度看。 (2)磁场作用在磁粒子上是否会产生运动？ 含细胞细胞器调节吞噬细胞和 溶酶体小泡？ (3)从磁学角度看，细胞器运动的变化 检测到，可用于标识是否存在 巨噬细胞的细胞内感染(如艾滋病)？ 目标是研究吞噬铁磁性颗粒是如何 当电池暴露在强磁环境中时，修改电池功能 菲尔兹。同时，我们将测量在 细胞的运动性，我们将研究细胞器运动在 吞噬酶小体处理，我们将识别运动中的变化 以及由病毒感染引起的流变学。

In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) exposes living tissue to large magnetic fields. Tissue constituents interact weakly with magnetic fields, and the direct effects of magnetic fields on cellular, biochemical, and genetic processes have not been reproducibly established. However, microscopic ferromagnetic particles be present as contaminants in the lungs and other organs. in many occupational settings, humans inhale magnetic-particle aerosols; a fraction of the particles are retained in the lungs and are ingested by pulmonary macrophages. Strong magnetic fields can cause these magnetic particles to move, rotate, and agglomerate. The toxicology of NMR fields on cells and tissues containing ferromagnetic particles is unknown. Years 01 and 02 of the project demonstrated that microscopic magnetic particles can be observed both optically and magnetically in cells. Moreover, such particles can serve as an experimental indicator of macrophage function by noninvasively providing information on the motions of cell organelles. We found that for phagocytized particles, cytoplasmic motions rotate particles and produce detectable changes in the magnetic field. In addition, intracellular particles can be twisted by an applied external field, which allows measurement of cytosol viscoelasticity. The proposed researeh will examine magnetie field effects on particle-containing lung macrophages. In years 04-06 we will address the following questions: (1) Can magnetic forces overcome the motile forces generated by the macrophage cytoplasm? Can magnetic forces restrain chemotaxis? We will quantify the magnitude of traction forces magnetometrically. (2) Can motion imposed by magnet fields on magnetic-particle containing cell organelles modulate the fusion of phagocytic and lysosomal vesicles? (3) Can alterations in cell organelle motions, magnetometrically detected, be used to identify the existence and activity of an intracellular infection (e.g., AIDS) in macrophages? The goal is to examine how phagocytized ferromagnetic particles modify cell function when cells are exposed to strong magnetic fields. At the same time, we will measure the forces generated in cell motility, we will examine the role of organelle motions in phagolysosome processing, and we will identify changes in motion and rheology caused by viral infection.