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Risk factors for escalating saprolegniosis outbreaks in salmon farms (RIFE-SOS)

鲑鱼养殖场水霉病爆发升级的危险因素 (RIFE-SOS)

基本信息

批准号：
BB/P020224/1
负责人：
Pieter Van West
金额：
$ 44.07万
依托单位：
University of Aberdeen
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FP020224%2F1
关键词：
Risk factors escalating saprolegniosis outbreaks

项目摘要

Fish diseases are a huge threat for the aquaculture industry and for global food security. Some of the most important disease-causing organisms in aquaculture are part of the oomycetes or watermoulds, in particular Saprolegnia parasitica, Saprolegnia diclina and Saprolegnia australis are causing serious fish losses. Collectively, these fungal-like organisms are responsible for at least 10% annual mortalities in most salmon hatcheries and freshwater sites. Consequently, Saprolegnia ranks among the most important pathogens of Atlantic salmon.Unfortunately, over the last few years the incidences of saprolegniosis outbreaks in Scottish farms have significantly increased. Indeed, some sites have had very high losses due to saprolegniosis. Whereas other farms have remained largely disease free. The reasons as to why some farms are badly affected and others seem to avoid disease outbreaks, with apparent identical welfare standards and husbandry management practises, are at present completely unclear and form the main rational for the current application.Our hypothesis is that several risk factors (pertaining to fish, pathogens and the environment) are playing a synergistic role in suppressing immunity in fish towards Saprolegnia, which lead to outbreaks of saprolegniosis. Therefore, we propose a concerted industry-wide, industry-led and industry-supported research programme to discover, map, model and understand the main drivers, risk factors, that allow saprolegniosis outbreaks. A "big data" resource will be created that will be scrutinised with statistical methods to identify the main risk factors and conditions for outbreaks of saprolegniosis. Undoubtedly, identifying the main, or a combination of, risk factors will greatly aid the salmon aquaculture industry to pre-empt any future outbreaks and would lead to an integrated approach to saprolegniosis management, which would result in increased welfare standards, improved fish health, fewer losses and a reduction in production and treatment costs.

鱼病对水产养殖业和全球粮食安全构成巨大威胁。水产养殖中一些最重要的致病生物是卵菌或水霉菌的一部分，特别是寄生腐霉、双生腐霉和南方腐霉正在造成严重的鱼类损失。总的来说，在大多数鲑鱼孵化场和淡水区，这些类真菌生物每年至少造成10%的死亡。不幸的是，在过去的几年里，在苏格兰农场爆发的腐殖病的发病率显著增加。事实上，由于腐殖病，一些地点损失很大。而其他农场基本上保持了无病状态。一些养殖场受到严重影响，而另一些养殖场似乎避免了疾病暴发，其福利标准和饲养管理做法明显相同，其原因目前完全不清楚，并构成了目前应用的主要理由。我们的假设是，几个风险因素(与鱼类、病原体和环境有关)在抑制鱼类对腐霉病的免疫力方面发挥了协同作用，从而导致腐霉病的爆发。因此，我们提出了一个协调一致的全行业、行业主导和行业支持的研究计划，以发现、绘制地图、建立模型并了解导致霉菌病暴发的主要驱动因素和风险因素。将创建一个“大数据”资源，并将通过统计方法对其进行仔细审查，以确定爆发霉菌病的主要风险因素和条件。毫无疑问，确定主要的风险因素或风险因素的组合将极大地帮助鲑鱼水产养殖业预防任何未来的暴发，并将导致采取综合办法管理腐殖病，从而提高福利标准，改善鱼类健康，减少损失，降低生产和处理成本。