HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION AND INTERACTION IN HUMANS

人类半球的特化和相互作用

• 批准号: 3400425
• 负责人: ERAN ZAIDEL
• 金额: $ 23.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1994-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3400425
• 关键词: adult human (21+); brain commissure; brain interhemispheric activity; brain metabolism; cerebral dominance; child psychology; chronic brain damage; cognition; hearing tests; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; language; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neurosurgery; sensory disorder diagnosis; tachistoscope; visual stimulus

This is a request for a five year renewal of an NIH grant focusing on hemispheric specialization and interaction at the interface of language and cognition. A convergent research program is outlined which studies neurological patients and normal subjects and combines behavioral and anatomical methods. Technological developments include a powerful computer-based laboratory for laterality research and an eye-tracker with scotoma simulator for hemispheric ocular scanning without attachments to the eye. Theoretical work will continue on behavioral models of laterality effects and conditions for parallel independent processing in the two hemispheres. One set of experiments will study independent lexical access and organization, syntactic and pragmatic competence and associated cognitive abilities in each of the two hemispheres, including the ability to learn new linguistic material and to monitor and correct errors. In parallel, other experiments will study hemispheric independence in processing and monitoring nonverbal tasks, including visual imagery, visual illusions, face recognition, and object classification. Another set of experiments will analyze individual differences in regional patterns of callosal connectivity using behavioral and anatomical measures, especially in relation to cognitive profile. Biological and environmental conditions that change callosal connectivity will be investigated. Neuropathological sections of the callosum will be compared to MRI measures, and used to count fibers of different types in several regions. Results promise better understanding and possible control of cognitive pathology due to abnormal cerebral activation or faulty interhemispheric communication. The data will contribute to theoretical cognitive neuroscience by understanding how language is organized in the brain and how independent, parallel cortical processing modules interact.

这是 NIH 拨款续展五年的请求，重点关注 关于半球的专业化和界面上的相互作用 语言和认知。 概述了一个融合研究计划 研究神经系统患者和正常受试者 结合了行为学和解剖学方法。 技术的发展包括强大的基于计算机的 偏侧性研究实验室和带暗点的眼球追踪器 用于半球眼扫描的模拟器，无需附件 眼睛。 行为模型的理论工作将继续进行 并行独立的偏侧性效应和条件 在两个半球进行处理。 一组实验将研究独立的词汇访问和 组织能力、句法能力和语用能力以及相关能力 两个半球的认知能力，包括 学习新语言材料以及监控和纠正的能力 错误。 与此同时，其他实验将研究半球 独立处理和监控非语言任务， 包括视觉图像、视错觉、面部识别等 对象分类。 另一组实验将分析个体差异 使用行为和胼胝体连接的区域模式 解剖学测量，特别是与认知概况相关的测量。 改变胼胝体的生物和环境条件 将调查连通性。 神经病理切片 胼胝体将与 MRI 测量结果进行比较，并用于计数 不同地区的不同类型的纤维。 结果有望更好地理解和可能的控制 由于大脑激活异常或错误导致的认知病理 半球间通讯。 该数据将有助于 理论认知神经科学通过理解语言如何 大脑的组织方式以及如何独立、平行的皮质 处理模块交互。