HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION AND INTERACTION IN HUMANS

人类半球的特化和相互作用

• 批准号: 3400426
• 负责人: ERAN ZAIDEL
• 金额: $ 25.34万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1994-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3400426
• 关键词: adult human (21+); brain commissure; brain interhemispheric activity; brain metabolism; cerebral dominance; child psychology; chronic brain damage; cognition; hearing tests; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; language; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neurosurgery; sensory disorder diagnosis; tachistoscope; visual stimulus

This is a request for a five year renewal of an NIH grant focusing on hemispheric specialization and interaction at the interface of language and cognition. A convergent research program is outlined which studies neurological patients and normal subjects and combines behavioral and anatomical methods. Technological developments include a powerful computer-based laboratory for laterality research and an eye-tracker with scotoma simulator for hemispheric ocular scanning without attachments to the eye. Theoretical work will continue on behavioral models of laterality effects and conditions for parallel independent processing in the two hemispheres. One set of experiments will study independent lexical access and organization, syntactic and pragmatic competence and associated cognitive abilities in each of the two hemispheres, including the ability to learn new linguistic material and to monitor and correct errors. In parallel, other experiments will study hemispheric independence in processing and monitoring nonverbal tasks, including visual imagery, visual illusions, face recognition, and object classification. Another set of experiments will analyze individual differences in regional patterns of callosal connectivity using behavioral and anatomical measures, especially in relation to cognitive profile. Biological and environmental conditions that change callosal connectivity will be investigated. Neuropathological sections of the callosum will be compared to MRI measures, and used to count fibers of different types in several regions. Results promise better understanding and possible control of cognitive pathology due to abnormal cerebral activation or faulty interhemispheric communication. The data will contribute to theoretical cognitive neuroscience by understanding how language is organized in the brain and how independent, parallel cortical processing modules interact.

这是一项将美国国立卫生研究院的拨款延长五年的请求。 论人脑界面上的半球特化及其相互作用 语言和认知。概述了一个融合的研究计划。 研究神经病患者和正常受试者， 结合了行为学和解剖学的方法。 技术发展包括以强大的计算机为基础的 偏侧研究实验室和带有暗点的眼球跟踪器 无附着物的半球眼扫描模拟器 眼睛。理论工作将继续进行，研究的行为模型 平行独立的侧向效应及条件 在两个半球进行加工。 一组实验将研究独立的词汇通达和 组织、句法和语用能力及其关联 两个半球中每个半球的认知能力，包括 学习新的语言材料以及监督和纠正的能力 错误。同时，其他实验将研究半球 独立处理和监控非语言任务， 包括视觉图像、视觉错觉、人脸识别和 对象分类。 另一组实验将分析个体差异 使用行为学和 解剖学测量，尤指与认知轮廓有关的。 改变颧骨的生物和环境条件 将调查连通性。脑神经病理切片 我们会将其与MRI测量结果进行比较，并用来计算 不同地区的不同类型的纤维。 结果预示着更好地理解和可能控制 由大脑异常激活或故障引起的认知病理 大脑半球间的交流。这些数据将有助于 理论认知神经科学通过理解语言是如何 是在大脑中组织的，是如何独立、平行的皮质 处理模块相互作用。