STATIC AND DYNAMIC ORGANIZATION

拟议中的实验有两个目标：第一，调查 成人运动皮质的正常功能组织 一是灵长类，二是探索运动皮质的能力 周围神经损伤后的表达重组或 在获得熟练的动作之后。米 将通过组合来评估表示模式 皮层内微刺激标测与肌电记录 技术和通过使用细胞外和细胞内跟踪 技巧。 常规“静态”MI组织模式：不同于以往的研究 描述了MI刺激引起的动作，我们的 研究将展示官能团的代表性 通过记录心肌梗塞患者前肢肌肉的肌电活动 从单个皮质部位激活的16块肌肉。 将使用以下工具绘制100-200个心肌梗塞部位的肌肉表示图 几种不同的电流强度。这些数据将用于 确定拓扑关系、重叠程度和大小 代表了16块肌肉中的每一块。我们的初步数据 表明一些肌肉在空间上被多次表示 与其他几个对象的表示重叠的单独焦点 肌肉。这些病灶可以代表一种功能模式 MI中描述的分组。细胞内 记录/染料注射和解剖路径示踪 映射后将使用技术来检查 这些个体或群体之间的联系关系 MI中的表示。 动态组织：这些研究的第二个目标是 确定电机之间的关系的程度 在正常情况下，带肌肉的皮质会发生变化。 (即，MI表示法是否在不断重塑？)，(B) 神经损伤后，阻止了远端的正常使用 前肢肌肉，(C)习得熟练的手指 动静。微刺激标测将用于研究心肌梗死 在正常动物中，不同间隔的表征模式， 骨间前神经切断术前后及术前、术后 在学习了一项精准的手指握法任务后。这些实验 将提供有关传出的重要新信息 灵长类运动皮质的地形图及其灵活性 心肌梗死皮质与肌肉的关系。结果是 这些研究可能会提出新的策略，以增强功能 髋关节损伤后痉挛的恢复与抑制 外周和中枢神经系统。

The proposed experiments have two goals: First, to investigate the normal functional organization of motor cortex in adult primates and second, to explore the capacity of motor cortex representations to reorganize following peripheral nerve injury or subsequent to the acquisition of a skilled movement. MI representation pattern will be evaluated by combining intracortical microstimulation mapping with EMG recording techniques and by using extracellular and intracellular tracing techniques. Normal "static" MI organization pattern: Unlike previous studies that have described the movements evoked by MI stimulation, our studies will demonstrate the representation of functional groups of forelimb muscles in MI by recording EMG activity from each of 16 muscles that are activated from individual cortical sites. Muscle representation will be mapped at 100-200 MI sites using several different current intensities. These data will be used to determine the topological relationship, extent of overlap, and size of representation of each of the 16 muscles. Our preliminary data suggest that some muscles are multiply represented in spatially separate foci that overlap the representation of several other muscles. These foci may represent a pattern of functional grouping that has been described in MI. Intracellular recording/dye injection and anatomical pathway tracing techniques will be used after mapping to examine the connectional relationship between these individual or grouped representations in MI. Dynamic organization: A second goal of these studies is to determine the extent to which the relationship of the motor cortex with the muscles is changed (a) under normal conditions (i.e., is there a continual reshaping of MI representations?), (b) following nerve injury that prevents the normal use of the distal forelimb muscles, (c) following the acquisition of skilled digit movements. Microstimulation mapping will be used to study MI representation patterns at different intervals in normal animals, before and after anterior interosseus nerve section and before and after learning of a precision finger grip task. These experiments will provide important new information concerning the efferent topography of primate motor cortex as well as the flexibility of the relationship between MI cortex and muscles. The results of these studies may suggest new strategies for enhancing functional recovery and suppressing spasticity subsequent to injury of the peripheral and central nervous system.