Static and Dynamic Organization of Primate Motor Cortex

灵长类运动皮层的静态和动态组织

• 批准号: 7221448
• 负责人: JOHN P DONOGHUE
• 金额: $ 55.9万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7221448
• 关键词: Macaca fascicularis; Macaca mulatta; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; cues; electromyography; electronic recording system; electrostimulus; eye movements; learning; limb movement; microelectrodes; motor cortex; motor neurons; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuromuscular function; parietal lobe /cortex; psychomotor function; sensorimotor system; visual feedback; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION:(provided by applicant) The overall goal of this work is to understand how the motor cortex constructs movement plans and implements them as actions. Previous work in this project demonstrated that neural population activity in the macaque monkey primary motor cortex (MI) cortex predicts hand trajectory during reaching movements. For MI to direct reaching towards a goal, spatial information about the body and the world must be transformed into a motor framework. Parietal cortex is likely to provide this spatial framework, but little is known about frontoparietal interactions. Parietal area 5d provides direct input to MI and is one likely source of arm motion, gaze, and visual target information. The proposed studies will use 100 electrode recording arrays chronically implanted into 5d and MI to study of neural encoding and interactions during continuous tracking of a randomly moving visual target (CRT task). This novel recording method allows the direct and simultaneous examination of neurons in two interconnected areas under identical behavioral conditions. The new CRT task provides a statistical basis for spike and population analysis of these neurons. AIM 1 experiments will compare 5d and MI neurons during CRT. Motor, gaze and visual signal spatiotemporal receptive fields will be characterized and neural information content will be evaluated by reconstructing hand motion, eye position and visual signal from population activity. Encoding in each area will be compared to determine the form and time course of information exchanged. AIM 2 experiments will determine whether 5d-MI networks encode movement in an abstract spatial or body-part based framework. These experiments will further test whether information is in hand, joint or muscle coordinates. AIM 3 will test whether 5d-MI networks are engaged in motor plans based on cues that predict the future behavior of the visual stimulus, or about movement based upon internal representations. These experiments will test whether MI -5d networks use predictive visual cues to construct plans for upcoming movement and whether these networks compute motions for learned movement sequences. The proposed experiments will provide new information about corticocortical computations, including their serial and parallel processing and their coordinate frames. They will also help to advance multielectrode recording technologies and methods for statistical evaluation of single neuron and population coding. Finally, the results of these experiments will be useful in designing neural prosthetic devices to restore movement in paralyzed humans.

描述：(申请人提供) 这项工作的总体目标是了解运动皮质是如何构成的。 运动计划并将其作为行动实施。此项目中的以前工作 证明了猕猴初级神经细胞群的活动 运动皮质(MI)皮质预测伸展运动中的手部轨迹。 为了让MI直接达到目标，关于身体的空间信息 世界必须转变为一个发动机框架。顶叶皮质是 很可能提供这种空间框架，但人们对此知之甚少 额顶顶叶相互作用。顶区5d提供MI的直接输入 是手臂运动、凝视和视觉目标信息的一个可能来源。这个 拟议的研究将使用100个长期植入的电极记录阵列 进入5d和MI，以研究持续时间的神经编码和相互作用 跟踪随机移动的视觉目标(CRT任务)。这张新奇的唱片 方法允许直接和同时检查两个 在相同的行为条件下的相互关联的区域。新的CRT任务 为这些数据的峰值和总体分析提供了统计基础 神经元。 目的1比较CRT过程中5d和MI神经元的变化。马达、凝视和 视觉信号的时空感受场将被表征和神经 信息内容将通过重建手部运动、眼睛 来自人群活动的位置和视觉信号。在每个区域中进行编码将 进行比较以确定交换信息的形式和时间进程。目标 2个实验将确定5D-MI网络是否编码运动 抽象的基于空间或身体部位的框架。这些实验将进一步 测试信息是否在手部、关节或肌肉坐标中。目标3将 测试5D-MI网络是否参与了基于以下提示的运动计划 预测视觉刺激的未来行为，或基于运动 基于内部陈述。这些实验将测试MI-5d 网络使用预测性视觉提示来构建即将到来的移动计划 以及这些网络是否为学习到的运动序列计算运动。这个 拟议中的实验将提供有关皮质的新信息 计算，包括它们的串行和并行处理以及它们的 坐标系。它们还将有助于推进多电极记录 单神经元和单神经元的统计评估技术和方法 人口编码。最后，这些实验的结果将对 设计神经假体装置以恢复瘫痪人类的运动。