HEALTHY WORKER SURVIVOR EFFECT AND CANCER MORTALITY
健康工人的幸存者效应和癌症死亡率
基本信息
- 批准号:3423689
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 6.43万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:1991
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:1991-07-15 至 1993-07-14
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:arsenic cancer risk carcinogens chemical related neoplasm /cancer computer data analysis data collection methodology /evaluation dosage formaldehyde human age group human mortality industrial medicine industry lung neoplasms neoplasm /cancer epidemiology occupational disease /disorder occupational hazard radiation carcinogenesis radiation dosage radiation related neoplasm /cancer statistics /biometry
项目摘要
Occupational mortality studies have identified a large proportion of
known human carcinogens. However , such studies are sometimes difficult
to interpret due to selective forces collectively known as the healthy
worker effect. One aspect of the healthy worker effect is the healthy
worker survivor effect (HWSE), in which those who remain employed are
healthier than those who terminate employment. The effect of the HWSE is
to attenuate any effect of an occupational exposure towards the
appearance of no effect. For this reason, the development and validation
of appropriate statistical methods to control for the HWSE would be
expected to improve the sensitivity of occupational cancer studies.
The primary objective of this study is to validate and compare
several methods of adjusting for the HWSE. Using existing databases on
three occupationally exposed cohorts, we will reassess previously
reported analyses that showed: (i) a strong association and a
dose-response relationship between arsenic exposure and lung cancer
mortality in a cohort of copper smelter workers, (ii) a weak association
between low-level external penetrating ionizing radiation exposure and
deaths from cancer among employees at Oak Ridge National Laboratories,
(iii) no association between formaldehyde and cancer mortality among
workers exposed in several industries.
A second objective is to explore two other issues related to
analysis of occupational studies with quantified exposure data.
Specifically, we will (i) assess the ability of ratio, as opposed to
difference, measures of effect to detect dose-response relationships for
cancer mortality, and (i i) examine the comparability of standardized
mortality ratios at different levels of cumulative exposure and determine
the degree of confounding due to differences in age and calendar-year
distributions, and active/terminated employment status.
This investigation will result in a deeper understanding of both the
degree to which the HWSE may attenuate estimates of carcinogenic effects
from occupational exposures, and the appropriate methods to control this
bias. Further, since occupational studies are often used as a basis for
risk assessments to establish environmental or occupational standards for
exposure levels, an understanding of this bias and the methods for its
control would have policy ramifications.
职业死亡率研究发现,
已知的人类致癌物。 然而,这样的研究有时很困难
由于选择性的力量,统称为健康,
工人效应 健康工人效应的一个方面是
工人幸存者效应(HWSE),即那些仍然就业的人
比那些被解雇的人更健康。 HWSE的效果是
减轻职业暴露对
没有效果的外观。 因此,开发和验证
适当的统计方法来控制HWSE将是
有望提高职业性癌症研究的敏感性。
本研究的主要目的是验证和比较
HWSE的几种调整方法。 使用现有数据库
三个职业暴露队列,我们将重新评估以前
报告的分析表明:(一)强关联和
砷暴露与肺癌的剂量反应关系
铜冶炼厂工人队列的死亡率,(ii)弱关联
低水平外部穿透电离辐射暴露与
橡树岭国家实验室的员工死于癌症,
(iii)甲醛和癌症死亡率之间没有联系,
多个行业的工人受到辐射。
第二个目标是探讨其他两个问题,
分析职业研究与量化的接触数据。
具体而言,我们将(i)评估比率的能力,而不是
差异,检测剂量-反应关系的效应指标
癌症死亡率,以及(i i)检查标准化
不同累积接触水平下的死亡率,
由于年龄和年龄差异而导致的混杂程度
分配和在职/终止就业状况。
这项调查将使人们对这两个问题有更深入的了解。
HWSE可能减弱致癌效应估计的程度
职业暴露,以及控制这种暴露的适当方法
bias. 此外,由于职业研究经常被用作
风险评估,以建立环境或职业标准,
暴露水平,对这种偏倚的理解及其方法,
控制将产生政策影响。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Irva Hertz-Picciotto其他文献
Irva Hertz-Picciotto的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Irva Hertz-Picciotto', 18)}}的其他基金
Neurodevelopment and Environment: From Science to Dissemination and Translation
神经发育与环境:从科学到传播和翻译
- 批准号:
9914848 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
Environmental Influence on Infant Microbiome Development and ASD Symptoms
环境对婴儿微生物组发育和 ASD 症状的影响
- 批准号:
9353815 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
Environmental Influence on Infant Microbiome Development and ASD Symptoms
环境对婴儿微生物组发育和 ASD 症状的影响
- 批准号:
9752636 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
UC Davis Environmental Health Sciences Core Center
加州大学戴维斯分校环境健康科学核心中心
- 批准号:
10403897 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
UC Davis Environmental Health Sciences Core Center
加州大学戴维斯分校环境健康科学核心中心
- 批准号:
9563455 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
UC Davis Environmental Health Sciences Core Center
加州大学戴维斯分校环境健康科学核心中心
- 批准号:
9563462 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
UC Davis Environmental Health Sciences Core Center
加州大学戴维斯分校环境健康科学核心中心
- 批准号:
10388386 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
UC Davis Environmental Health Sciences Core Center
加州大学戴维斯分校环境健康科学核心中心
- 批准号:
9918177 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 6.43万 - 项目类别:
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