SOURCES AND EFFECTS OF REACTIVE OXYGEN INTERMEDIATES IN THE BRAIN

大脑中活性氧中间体的来源和作用

• 批准号: 3760226
• 负责人: D L GILBERT
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3760226
• 关键词: anions; astrocytes; cysteine; free radical oxygen; hamsters; hydroxyl radical; laboratory rat; mesencephalon; microglia; neurochemistry; nitric oxide; superoxides; tissue /cell culture

Experiments have been performed on microglia and astrocytes in the central nervous system cultured from cerebral cortices of rat and hamsters. We have previously shown that activated microglial rat cells produce the superoxide radical anion, a reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS include also the hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide. Activated rat microglia also produce nitric oxide. However, the release of nitric oxide does not significantly increase until after about 10 hours of stimulation, whereas the release of the superoxide radical anion is completed within 2 to 3 hours of stimulation. Also, hamster microglia produce more than ten times the amount of the superoxide radical anion produced by rat microglia. In all the conditions we have tested, there is no evidence that the hamster microglia releases the nitric oxide. In another set of experiments, we have shown that N- acetyl-cysteine increases the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive rat mesencephalic neurons grown in tissue culture. In addition, there are more surviving rat mesencephalic neurons at an oxygen pressure of 38 torr than at the commonly used oxygen pressure of 150 torr.

已经在脑内的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞上进行了实验。 从大鼠大脑皮层培养的中枢神经系统， 仓鼠 我们以前已经证明，激活的小胶质细胞大鼠细胞 产生超氧阴离子自由基，一种活性氧（ROS）。 ROS还包括羟基自由基、过氧化氢和硝酸根。 环氧 激活的大鼠小胶质细胞也产生一氧化氮。 但 一氧化氮的释放并没有显着增加，直到约 10小时的刺激，而释放的超氧自由基 阴离子在刺激的2至3小时内完成。 还有仓鼠 小胶质细胞产生的超氧化物 自由基阴离子产生的大鼠小胶质细胞。在我们所有的条件下 测试，没有证据表明仓鼠小胶质细胞释放 一氧化氮 在另一组实验中，我们已经表明，N- 乙酰半胱氨酸可增加酪氨酸羟化酶阳性 大鼠中脑神经元在组织培养中生长。此外还有 在38 ℃的氧压下， 比在通常使用的氧气压力150 ° C下更高。