BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

磁共振成像和正电子发射断层扫描正在 用于评估正常对照的神经解剖学和脑功能， 患有发育障碍的受试者。 参与的诊断组 研究包括注意力缺陷多动障碍，自闭症， 儿童期精神分裂症，阅读障碍，多维度损害 综合症，强迫症，口吃，西德纳姆舞蹈病， 和图雷特综合症 正常对照组作为对照组 发育障碍，检查正常发育， 儿童和青少年的性别差异。 到目前为止，MRI结果表明，小面积测量的喙 注意缺陷多动障碍患者的胼胝体和吻侧体， 儿童期发作时脑室大小和颞叶体积减小 精神分裂症 MRI局部脑体积和胼胝体的性别研究 正常发育的差异揭示了一个令人惊讶的趋同， 结构大小在青春期，而不是预期的分歧。 Sydenham舞蹈病患者表现出可量化的尾状核变化 细胞核形态似乎随着症状的严重程度而波动。 目前正在对治疗后的阅读障碍进行O-15 PET和功能性MRI研究， 测试阅读的双路理论。

Magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography are being used to assess neuroanatomy and brain function in normal controls and subjects with developmental disorders. Diagnostic groups involved in the studies include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, childhood onset schizophrenia, dyslexia, multi-dimensional impairment syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder, stuttering, Sydenham's chorea, and Tourette's syndrome. The normal controls serve as a comparison group for the developmental disorders and to examine normal development and gender differences in children and adolescents. To date, MRI findings suggests smaller area measurements of the rostrum and rostral body of the corpus callosum in ADHD patients and increased ventricular size and decreased temporal lobe volume in childhood onset schizophrenics. MRI regional brain volume and corpus callosum studies of gender differences in normal development reveal a surprising convergence of structure size at puberty, instead of the anticipated divergence. Sydenham's chorea patients demonstrate quantifiable changes in caudate nucleus morphology which seem to fluctuate with the severity of symptoms. O-15 PET and functional MRI studies of remediated dyslexia are currently underway to test the dual-route theory of reading.