BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

描述正常发育过程中不同年龄的脑形态学变化 4至18和o为临床人群提供对照组， 研究神经精神障碍的发展假说， 获取健康儿童和青少年的MRI数据库。 分析表明，大脑体积的巨大变化突出了 需要大样本和纵向研究设计， 正在进行中 利用这一规范性数据，一项对西登汉姆舞蹈病儿童的研究 显示尾状核体积的高度显著的选择性增加 苍白球和较小程度的壳核。 没有增加 在丘脑或额叶中， 西德纳姆舞蹈病的异常 儿童期精神分裂症 （12岁以前的精神病）表现出几种显著的异常， 包括较小的脑体积（9%）和较大的尾状核和球状体 苍白球 其他发现，如左心室扩大和左 前颞叶减少，与后颞叶减少相似。 发病障碍 ADHD男孩表现出较小的脑容量（6%）和发育异常， 基部大于左侧不对称。 罗勒神经节的重要性 儿童精神病学的发展正在受到重视， 这些异常发育模式的特异性正在研究中。 一个 015对患有发育性阅读障碍的成年男性的PET研究显示， 语音任务的激活。 改善与激活有关 通过正交处理。

To characterize brain morphologic changes in normal development from ages 4 to 18 and o provide a contrast group for clinical populations to examine developmental hypothesis of neuropsychiatric disorders we are acquiring and MRI data base of healthy children and adolescents. Analysis indicates enormous variability of brain volumes highlighting the need for large samples and longitudinal study designs, which are underway. Using this normative data, a study of children with sydenhams chorea shows a highly significant selective increases in the volume of caudate globus pallidus and to a lesser extent, putamen. There is no increase in thalamus or frontal lobes demonstrating the specificity of the abnormality in Sydenham's chorea. Childhood Onset Schizophrenia (psychosis before age 12) manifests several striking abnormalities, including smaller brain size (9%) and larger caudate nuclei and globus pallidus. Other findings, such as left ventricular enlargement and left anterior temporal lobe decrease, appear similar to that seen in the later onset disorder. ADHD boys exhibit smaller brain volume (6%) and abnormal development of basal greater than left asymmetry. The importance of basil ganglia development for child psychiatry is just being appreciated, and the specificity of these abnormal developmental patterns is under study. An 015 pet study of adult males with developmental dyslexia shows decreased activation for phonologic tasks. Improvement is related to activation by orthographic processing.