OPOID AGONIST AND ANTAGONIST SENSITIVITY IN OPIATE-EXPERIENCED INDIVIDUALS

最近的几项研究调查了急性阿片样物质 身体依赖性或拮抗剂敏感性。 这些研究 已经表明，轻度的戒断综合征可以由 阿片类拮抗剂纳洛酮，给药后45分钟至24小时， 一剂吗啡 这些发现特别有趣 鉴于阿片类药物戒断综合征传统上被认为 只有在长时间接触鸦片制剂后才会发展。 但这些 研究仅使用非依赖性阿片类药物使用者。 是 不知道是否或在多大程度上阿片类药物的历史有助于 严重依赖的发展。 如果激动剂和/或 拮抗剂敏感性之间发现阿片经验和 阿片类药物初治个体，它可能反映残留耐受性或 阿片类药物依赖的个人，由于他们的慢性阿片类药物 exposure. 另一个有趣的可能性是， 敏感性可能反映了阿片类药物经验之间的生物学差异， 以及在首次吸毒之前未服用阿片类药物的人，因此 赋予使用或滥用阿片类药物的某些脆弱性或倾向。 本研究将探讨以下问题：a） 对阿片类激动剂的主观和生理敏感性， 阿片样物质经验和阿片样物质初治受试者，B）急性 拮抗剂-促戒断反应（拮抗剂敏感性） 组，和c）拮抗剂敏感性的任何差异是否 与拮抗剂的剂量有关。 测试于1990年开始，目前已接近完成。 初步 数据报告将在1991年委员会会议上提出。 药物依赖问题。

Several recent studies have investigated the phenomenon of acute opioid physical dependence or antagonist sensivitity in humans. These studies have shown that a mild withdrawal syndrome can be precipitated by the opioid antagonist, naloxone, administered 45 minutes to 24 hours after a single dose of morphine. These findings are particularly interesting given that the opioid abstinence syndrome has traditionally been thought to develop only after prolonged exposure to opiates. However, these studies have only used non-dependent opiate-experienced subjects. It is not known whether or to what extent an opiate history contributes to the development of acute dependence. If differences in agonist and/or antagonist sensitivity are found between opiate-experienced and opiate-naive individuals, it could reflect residual tolerance or dependence in opiate-experienced individuals due to their chronic opioid exposure. Another interesting possibility is that differences in sensitivity may reflect biological differences between opiate-experienced and opiate-naive individuals that predate initial drug use and thus confer some vulnerability or predisposition to use or abuse opiate drugs. This research will examine the following issues: a) differences in subjective and physiological sensitivity to opioid agonists between opioid-experienced and opioid naive subjects, b) differences in acute antagonist-precipitated withdrawal (antagonist sensitivity) between these groups, and c) whether any differences in antagonist sensitivity are related to dose of the antagonist. Subject testing was begun in 1990 and is nearly completed. A preliminary report of data will be presented at the 1991 meeting of the Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence.