GENETICS OF PRIMATE BEHAVIOR

本项目研究遗传因素在灵长类发声中的作用。 发展。这些研究中采用的研究策略包括 具有独特发声能力的杂交后代的发声特征分析 父母，比较全同胞和同父异母的发音特征 年龄匹配的婴儿，以及不同养育方式对婴儿的影响 正常的声音发育。在86财年，一个长期项目研究 物种的遗传模式-典型的隔离叫声(隔离窥视； IP)在包含发音不同共面的杂交组合中 人口(秘鲁哥特语x秘鲁罗马语)已经完成。混合动力车 学习到2岁时产生具有以下声学参数的IP 来自父母的IP居中，但其整体结构更多 与罗马父母的非常相似。两种语言的比较研究 原猴灵长类(狐猴科)的隔离叫声也被 在成功录制来自 第二个狐猴蒙古斯婴儿，以及两个有代表性的样本 父母。这项研究的数据表明，声学参数 区分不同种类狐猴的隔离叫声 在新生儿身上，并持续到成年期。该协会的成年成员 狐猴属与它们分离的后代进行声音对话，使用 婴儿隔离呼唤的成人版本。今年开始的一项研究是 重点研究了灵长类双胞胎的发声特征， 开发灵长类动物模型以研究人类共有的发声特征的目标 双胞胎。五种原猴和两种绒猴--全部 有很高的多胎发生率--研究表明， 确定了它们的隔离叫声的物种特定属性。这个 2只夜间活动的原猴的幼崽(鼠狐猴，小狐猴；侏儒 狐猴、中间狐猴)在18-20 kHz范围内产生隔离叫声 在测试环境中的活动周期中，它们的声音更大 用长波长光照明。

This project investigates the role of genetic factors in primate vocal development. Research strategies employed in these studies include analysis of vocal traits in hybrid offspring having vocally distinctive parents, comparing the vocal traits of full and half sibs with unrelated age-matched infants, and analysis of the effects of differential rearing on normal vocal development. In FY 86, a long-term project studying the inheritance patterns of the species-typical isolation call (Isolation Peep; IP) in hybrids of crosses involving vocally distinctive sympatric populations (Peruvian Gothic x Peruvian Roman) was completed. Hybrids studied until 2 years of age produce IPs with acoustic parameters that are intermediate to IPs from the parents, but whose overall structure more closely resembles that of the Roman parent. A comparative study of the isolation calls of prosimian primates (family Lemuridae) was also completed, following the successful recording of the isolation calls from a second Lemur mongoz infant, along with representative samples from both parents. The data from this study show that acoustic parameters differentiating the isolation calls of different lemur species are present in the newborn infant and persist into adulthood. Adult members of the genus Lemur engage in vocal dialogues with their separated offspring, using adult versions of the infant's isolation call. A study begun this year is focused on examining the vocal characteristics of primate twins, with the goal of developing a primate model for the study of shared vocal traits in twins. Five species of prosimians and two species of marmosets-- all having a high incidence of multiple births-- were studied, and the species-specific attributes of their isolation calls determined. The infants of 2 nocturnal prosimians (mouse lemur, Microcebus murinus; dwarf lemur, Cheirogaleus medius) produce isolation calls in the 18-20 kHz range and are more vocal during their active cycle in a test environment illuminated with long wave length light.